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Amstrad CPC 464 Troubleshooting Guide
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== Diagnosing the AY-3-8912 (IC102) == The AY-3-8912 is a General Instrument 3-channel + 1-noise synthesizer chip. It is the only audio source on the CPC. Failure modes: * '''Silence''' — chip dead, or its register-write path through IC107 (8255) broken. * '''One channel dead''' — single channel output buffer dead inside the chip. Cannot be repaired; replace the chip. * '''Loud DC offset, distortion''' — aged C309/C311/C314 (1 ยตF/50 V) on the AY output stage. Recap before condemning the chip.
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