Editing Nintendo 64 Capacitor Replacement Guide

<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" />

<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" />

'''Recapping a Nintendo 64 ensures long-term reliability, stable power delivery, and crisp video/audio output.'''  
While the N64’s original Japanese and early PAL models used high-quality capacitors, all units are now over 25 years old. Ageing electrolytic capacitors can cause power instability, video noise, audio distortion, or outright failure—especially in humid climates or after storage. Proactive replacement of these components is a vital preventative measure for any N64 restoration.

== Visual Inspection & Failure Signs ==
* '''Bulging or domed tops''' – Any convex shape on the capacitor’s aluminium can indicates internal pressure and imminent failure.
* '''Leaking electrolyte''' – Brown, white, or green crust at the base or leads signals a leaking or vented capacitor.
* '''Corrosion or PCB staining''' – Discolouration or residue around capacitors, especially near the AV section, means urgent replacement is needed.
* '''Video/audio artefacts''' – Lines, flicker, or buzzing audio may be traced to dried-out SMD or through-hole capacitors.
* '''Boot/power issues''' – Intermittent startup or random resets can result from high-ESR (failed) power rail capacitors.

If '''any''' capacitor shows signs of failure, replace '''all''' electrolytics on the board.

== Nintendo 64 Capacitor List ==

The Nintendo 64 uses a mix of through-hole and SMD aluminium electrolytic capacitors. The exact count and layout may vary slightly between NTSC (NUS-CPU-xx) and PAL (NUS-CPU(P)-xx) revisions, but values are generally consistent. Always verify markings and orientation before removal.

=== Mainboard Electrolytic Capacitors ===

<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" />
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Nintendo 64 Mainboard Electrolytic Capacitors'''
! Ref. Designator !! Capacitance !! Voltage !! Type !! Location / Purpose
|-
| C6 || 100 µF || 6.3 V || SMD || 3.3 V rail filter (near power input)
|-
| C7 || 100 µF || 6.3 V || SMD || 3.3 V rail filter (secondary)
|-
| C12 || 10 µF || 16 V  || SMD || Audio output decoupling
|-
| C13 || 10 µF || 16 V  || SMD || Audio output decoupling
|-
| C22 || 22 µF || 16 V  || SMD || Video output filter (composite/S-video)
|-
| C23 || 22 µF || 16 V  || SMD || Video output filter (composite/S-video)
|-
| C41 || 220 µF || 10 V  || Through-hole || Main 3.3 V bulk filter (near power input)
|-
| C42 || 220 µF || 10 V  || Through-hole || Main 5 V bulk filter (near power input)
|-
| C43 || 47 µF  || 16 V  || SMD || RAMBUS supply filter
|-
| C51 || 47 µF  || 16 V  || SMD || Cartridge slot supply filter
|-
| C61 || 10 µF || 16 V  || SMD || Controller port logic filter
|}

''Some late PAL boards (NUS-CPU(P)-03 and later) may use 220 µF 16 V for C41/C42; always match or exceed original voltage ratings.''

=== Expansion Pak / Jumper Pak Capacitors ===

{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:80%; text-align:center;"
|+'''N64 Expansion Pak/Jumper Pak Electrolytic Capacitors'''
! Ref. !! Capacitance !! Voltage !! Type !! Notes
|-
| C1 || 100 µF || 6.3 V || SMD || 3.3 V filter (main)
|-
| C2 || 10 µF  || 16 V  || SMD || RAM supply decoupling
|}

''If recapping the Expansion Pak, use low-ESR SMD electrolytics or solid polymer types for best results.''

== Recapping Procedure ==

# '''Disassemble''' – Remove the six tri-wing screws, gently lift the top shell, and unplug the LED/power board if fitted.
# '''Remove shielding''' – Unscrew and lift the RF shield. Note the thermal pads and their positions.
# '''Label all connectors''' – Especially AV, power, and controller port ribbons.
# '''Desolder SMD capacitors''' – Use hot air (set to ~280–320 °C) or a fine-tipped iron with flux. Gently rock the can side-to-side while heating both ends. Avoid lifting pads.
# '''Desolder through-hole capacitors''' – Use braid or a pump. Nintendo used high-quality solder; 350–370 °C is usually sufficient.
# '''Clean pads''' – Remove old flux and residue with IPA and a nylon brush.
# '''Install new capacitors''' – Match polarity (stripe = negative), value, and lead spacing. For SMD, align with original footprint and tack each end.
# '''Inspect for bridges''' – Use a magnifier to check for solder bridges or lifted pads.
# '''Reassemble and test''' – Replace shields and thermal pads before closing the shell.

== Recommended Tools & Parts ==

* '''Temperature-controlled soldering iron''' (fine tip, 1–2 mm)
* '''Hot air rework station''' (for SMD removal)
* '''Desoldering braid and pump'''
* '''Isopropyl alcohol (99%) and nylon brush'''
* '''ESD-safe tweezers'''
* '''Magnifier or microscope'''
* '''High-quality 105 °C low-ESR capacitors''' (e.g., Nichicon, Panasonic, Rubycon)
* '''Kapton tape''' (to shield plastic connectors from hot air)

== Post-Recap Voltage / Ripple Checks ==

After reassembly, measure voltage rails at the mainboard test points or cartridge slot (with the official PSU):

{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Nintendo 64 Power Rails – Expected Values'''
! Test Point !! Nominal Voltage !! Acceptable Range !! Max Ripple (p-p)
|-
| 3.3 V rail (C6/C41) || 3.30 V || 3.2 – 3.4 V || < 40 mV
|-
| 5 V rail (C42) || 5.00 V || 4.9 – 5.1 V || < 50 mV
|-
| AV Out (video pin) || 2.0 V (bias) || 1.8 – 2.2 V || < 30 mV
|}

''Excessive ripple (> 100 mV) or unstable voltages may indicate a faulty power supply or missed capacitor.''

== Extra Tips ==

* '''Check the PSU first!''' A failing external adapter can damage new capacitors and the N64’s power circuit.
* '''Use low-ESR or solid polymer SMD capacitors''' for SMD locations—these last longer and reduce ripple.
* '''Keep capacitor height ≤ 13 mm''' for through-hole parts so the RF shield fits without pressure.
* '''Clean all flux residue''' after soldering to prevent corrosion and shorts.
* '''If you experience video noise after recapping,''' double-check C22/C23 orientation and solder joints.
* '''Expansion Pak recapping''' is optional but recommended for maximum reliability, especially if you see random lockups or RAM errors.

== Related Pages ==
* [[Nintendo 64 Troubleshooting Guide]]
[[Category:Nintendo]]
[[Category:Capacitor Replacement Guides]]