Commodore VIC-20 Capacitor Replacement Guide: Difference between revisions

Created page with "<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" /> '''Replacing electrolytic capacitors (“recapping”) in a Commodore VIC-20 is one of the highest-impact reliability upgrades you can perform.''' A fresh capacitor set restores clean DC rails, reduces video noise, cures random resets, and protects rare MOS chips from over-ripple voltage spikes. == 🔍 Visual Inspection & Failure Signs == * '''Bulging tops''' – Any domed aluminium case is a near-certain fail..."
 
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A fresh capacitor set restores clean DC rails, reduces video noise, cures random resets, and protects rare MOS chips from over-ripple voltage spikes.
A fresh capacitor set restores clean DC rails, reduces video noise, cures random resets, and protects rare MOS chips from over-ripple voltage spikes.


== 🔍 Visual Inspection & Failure Signs ==
== Visual Inspection & Failure Signs ==
* '''Bulging tops''' – Any domed aluminium case is a near-certain failure.   
* '''Bulging tops''' – Any domed aluminium case is a near-certain failure.   
* '''Electrolyte residue''' – Brown crust or oily film at the capacitor base.   
* '''Electrolyte residue''' – Brown crust or oily film at the capacitor base.   
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If '''any''' of the above are present – or if the machine is 40 years old and un-serviced – replace the full set.
If '''any''' of the above are present – or if the machine is 40 years old and un-serviced – replace the full set.


== 📋 VIC-20 Logic-Board Capacitor Lists (by Assy #) ==
== VIC-20 Logic-Board Capacitor Lists (by Assy #) ==
The VIC-20 only has a single logic / power-supply board – there is no separate analogue board – so the tables below are everything you need.
The VIC-20 has a single logic board the tables below contain all the replaceable capacitors.


=== 🖥️ Early 2-Prong Board (Assy 324003 & “214003”) ===
=== Early 2-Prong Board (Assy 324003 & “214003”) ===
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Early VIC-20 Capacitors'''
|+'''Early VIC-20 Capacitors'''
! Board Ref !! Capacitance !! Voltage !! Purpose (rail / circuit)
! Board Ref !! Capacitance !! Voltage !! Purpose (rail / circuit)
|-
|-
| C10 || 100 µF || 16 V || 9 VAC ► +5 V pre-reg filter&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
| C10 || 100 µF || 16 V || 9 VAC ► +5 V pre-reg filter
|-
|-
| C11 || 4 700 µF || 10 V || Main +5 V bulk filter&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
| C11 || 4 700 µF || 10 V || Main +5 V bulk filter
|-
|-
| C12 || 220 µF || 25 V || +12 V line for VIC analogue core&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}
| C12 || 220 µF || 25 V || +12 V line for VIC analogue core
|-
|-
| C13 || 1 000 µF || 16 V || Secondary +5 V smoothing (regulator out)&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}
| C13 || 1 000 µF || 16 V || Secondary +5 V smoothing (regulator out)
|-
|-
| C18 || 10 µF || 16 V || Power-on reset RC timer&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
| C18 || 10 µF || 16 V || Power-on reset RC timer
|-
|-
| C90 || 3.3 µF || 50 V || Audio-path coupling (VIC DAC)&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}
| C90 || 3.3 µF || 50 V || Audio-path coupling (VIC DAC)
|-
|-
| C91 || 470 µF || 10 V || Datasette motor supply filter&#8203;:contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
| C91 || 470 µF || 10 V || Datasette motor supply filter
|}
|}


*Values mirror Commodore service-manual BOM; some very early 1981 PCBs mark C10/C12 as 35 V parts – 25 V or 35 V replacements are both acceptable.*
''Values mirror Commodore service-manual BOM; some very early 1981 PCBs mark C10/C12 as 35 V parts – 25 V or 35 V replacements are both acceptable.''


=== 💡 Cost-Reduced “VIC-20 CR” Board (Assy 250403) ===
=== Cost-Reduced “VIC-20 CR” Board (Assy 250403) ===
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Cost-Reduced VIC-20 Capacitors'''
|+'''Cost-Reduced VIC-20 Capacitors'''
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> '''Board markings vary.''' Commodore deleted the on-board 7805 on Assy 250403, so the '''4 700 µF can is absent'''; the largest can you will see is 1 000 µF. Always cross-check against your board silkscreen before ordering.
> '''Board markings vary.''' Commodore deleted the on-board 7805 on Assy 250403, so the '''4 700 µF can is absent'''; the largest can you will see is 1 000 µF. Always cross-check against your board silkscreen before ordering.


== 🛠️ Recapping Procedure ==
== Recapping Procedure ==
# '''Disassemble''' – Remove six case screws, slide keyboard forward, lift the RF shield.   
# '''Disassemble''' – Remove six case screws, slide keyboard forward, lift the RF shield.   
# '''Label cables''' – Photos help when reconnecting the power-LED & keyboard flex.   
# '''Label cables''' – Photos help when reconnecting the power-LED & keyboard flex.   
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# '''Re-form (optional)''' – Bring the board up on a bench supply through a 1 Ω resistor for the first 30 s to reform large cans gently.
# '''Re-form (optional)''' – Bring the board up on a bench supply through a 1 Ω resistor for the first 30 s to reform large cans gently.


== ⚙️ Post-Recap Voltage Checks ==
== Post-Recap Voltage Checks ==
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:75%; text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:75%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Expected Rails (No-Cartridge, BASIC Prompt)'''
|+'''Expected Rails (No-Cartridge, BASIC Prompt)'''
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|}
|}


*An oscilloscope should show < 50 mV p-p ripple on +5 V after recap.*
''An oscilloscope should show < 50 mV p-p ripple on +5 V after recap.''


== 🧰 Recommended Tools & Parts ==
== Recommended Tools & Parts ==
* 60 W temperature-controlled iron (fine conical tip)   
* 60 W temperature-controlled iron (fine conical tip)   
* Desolder‐pump '''and''' braid – VIC pads lift easily if overheated.   
* Desolder‐pump '''and''' braid – VIC pads lift easily if overheated.   
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== 🔗 Related Pages ==
== 🔗 Related Pages ==
* [[Commodore VIC-20 General Maintenance Guide]]
* [[VIC-20 General Maintenance|Commodore VIC-20 General Maintenance Guide]]
* [[Commodore VIC-20 Troubleshooting Guide]]
* [[VIC-20 Troubleshooting Guide|Commodore VIC-20 Troubleshooting Guide]]
* [[CRT Discharge Procedure]]
* [[CRT Discharge Procedure]]


[[Category:Commodore Systems]]
[[Category:Commodore Systems]]
[[Category:Commodore Maintenance Guides]]
[[Category:Capacitor Replacement Guides]]
[[Category:Capacitor Replacement Guides]]