Editing IBM PS/ValuePoint Maintenance Guide

This guide documents preventive maintenance for the '''[[IBM PS/ValuePoint]]''' family — IBM's corporate / SMB ISA-based PC line from October 1992 to July 1995, machine types '''6381 / 6382 / 6384 / 6387'''. Procedures are common to the family where possible; per-submodel procedures are called out where they differ.

== Safety Warning ==

All PS/ValuePoint PSUs contain mains-rectified bulk capacitors that hold a lethal charge after power-off. Before any work inside the PSU shell:

# Power off and unplug the mains lead.
# Wait at least 30 seconds.
# Discharge the bulk capacitor through a 1 kΩ / 5 W resistor.
# Verify with a multimeter.

The PSU is universal-voltage on most submodels but uses a '''manual selector switch''' on the rear (115 V / 230 V). '''Verify the switch position before connecting mains''' — IBM ships boards with the selector at 230 V from the factory, and powering a US 120 V mains into a board set to 230 V will not damage anything but the system will not power on; powering 240 V mains into a board set to 115 V '''will''' destroy the PSU.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm</ref>

== Identifying Your PS/ValuePoint ==

The machine type and submodel are printed on the rear-panel label (e.g. "Type 6381-Fxx", "Type 6384-1A3", "Type 6387-Yxx"). The MT maps to a Hardware Maintenance Manual (HMM):

* '''IBM HMM S61G-1423-01''' (September 1993) — covers 6381, 6382 /S, 6384, 6384 /D, 6384 P60/D, 6387 /T.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pccbbs/valuepnt/s61g1423.pdf</ref>
* '''IBM HMM S61G-1423-02''' (August 1996) — updated HMM covering 638x and the later 64xx transitional machine types.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/basil.holloway/boo-to-pdf/S61G_1423_02.pdf</ref>
* '''IBM 6387/T Supplement S71G-1875-00''' (May 1993) — tower-specific supplement.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/basil.holloway/boo-to-pdf/S71G_1875_00.pdf</ref>

== Opening the System Unit ==

Tools: Philips #2 screwdriver, anti-static strap.

# Power off and unplug all cables (mains, keyboard, mouse, monitor, parallel, serial).
# Locate the cover screws on the rear panel.
# Loosen the screws. The cover slides off to the rear and lifts up.
# Inside:
** Planar mounts horizontally on the chassis floor (desktop) or vertically (tower).
** PSU is at the rear left.
** Drive cage runs along the right side of the chassis (desktop) or top (tower).
** ISA / VLB / PCI slots are on a riser card that plugs into the planar at right angles to the planar.

=== Cover Lock ===

Some PS/ValuePoints ship with a '''cover lock''' that requires a small key to open. Several systems were shipped from the factory '''without''' cover lock keys; if a system arrives with the lock present but no key, order a replacement cover lock assembly from IBM (or a modern locksmith can drill it out).<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm</ref>

=== Cover Switch / Interlock ===

Some PS/ValuePoint chassis carry a cover-interlock switch — '''the system will not power on or power off if the cover is not seated properly'''.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm</ref> If the system refuses to power on with the cover off, depress the cover-interlock pin manually with a screwdriver for a smoke-test.

== Inspecting the Planar ==

Planar inspection items (in order):

# '''Lithium battery at B1 / BT1''' — verify the CR2032 cell is seated and shows no leakage. Replace if voltage is below 2.8 V.
# '''Floppy drive logic board''' — the Alps floppy drive used in many 6381-Fxx and similar boards has an SMD aluminium electrolytic capacitor next to the power connector that '''can leak'''.<ref>https://www.zx.net.nz/computers/ibm/psvaluepoint_425sxsi/</ref> This is the most common cap failure on PS/ValuePoint — see [[IBM PS/ValuePoint Capacitor Replacement Guide]].
# '''Planar electrolytics''' — mostly through-hole; rarely fail; inspect for discolouration anyway.
# '''VLB / PCI slot connectors''' — clean with eraser or contact cleaner. VLB slots have a high pin count and oxidise.
# '''Video Frequency Controller chip''' — located just left of the Tseng video chip. May be either '''ICS''' or '''Chrontel''' branded depending on production date. The OS/2 2.00.1 SVGA driver fails on Chrontel boards — install the revised driver if you see this combination.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm</ref>

== Regular Cleaning ==

* Soft brush and low-pressure compressed air for the planar, riser, ISA/VLB/PCI cards, drive bays and PSU vents.
* Hold any fan blades by hand if using compressed air.
* CPU heatsink (passive on 486SX-25 boards, fan-cooled on DX2/DX4 boards) — clean fins; on DX4 or P60/D, replace original thermal compound at first service.
* Clean ISA / VLB card edge fingers with a soft eraser or deoxidising contact cleaner.
* Clean Mini-DIN-6 keyboard / mouse connectors with deoxidising contact cleaner on a foam swab.

== PSU Voltage Checks ==

Probe the PSU output rails with a multimeter while the system is powered on (AT-style, not ATX).

{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|+'''Typical PS/ValuePoint PSU rail tolerances (AT-style)'''
! Rail !! Acceptable range
|-
| +5 V || +4.75 V to +5.25 V
|-
| +12 V || +11.4 V to +12.6 V
|-
| &minus;5 V || &minus;4.75 V to &minus;5.25 V
|-
| &minus;12 V || &minus;11.4 V to &minus;12.6 V
|}

* '''6381-Si''' (100 W) — sufficient for entry config; +12 V will sag if multiple drives added.
* '''325T / original 6384''' (145 W) — design limit 10 W per slot.
* '''6382 /S, 6384 /D, P60/D, 6387 /T''' (200 W) — universal voltage 90–137 V LV / 180–265 V HV.

== Voltage Selector ==

The rear-panel voltage selector switch '''must''' be set correctly for your mains:

* '''115 V''' for 100–127 V mains (US, Canada, Japan, etc.).
* '''230 V''' for 200–240 V mains (UK, Europe, Australia, etc.).

IBM ships boards with the selector at '''230 V''' from the factory. If you receive a North American unit and it does not power on, check this switch first.

== Battery — CR2032 Lithium Coin Cell ==

The PS/ValuePoint planar battery is a '''standard CR2032 lithium coin cell''', not a soldered NiCd. Replacement procedure:

# Power off, unplug, discharge PSU.
# Locate the CR2032 in its snap-clip on the planar (typically labelled '''B1''' or '''BT1''').
# Pry the cell out with a fingernail or plastic spudger. '''Do not''' use a metal screwdriver — shorting + and − while levering can damage the planar power circuitry.
# Fit a fresh CR2032 with the '''+''' face up (matching the silkscreen).
# Power on; '''press F1 during memory count''' to enter Setup; re-enter date, time, boot order, drive parameters.

Symptoms of a dead battery (PS/ValuePoint inherits the classic IBM 161 / 162 / 163 POST cluster from the AT / PS/2 era):

* '''161''' — Battery dead / disconnected.
* '''162''' — CMOS checksum bad (configuration mismatch).
* '''163''' — Time and date not set.

After cell replacement, the '''F1 during memory count''' shortcut enters Setup. '''There is no Reference Diskette''' for PS/ValuePoint — Setup is in ROM.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm</ref>

=== External Battery Header ===

The planar carries a '''J2 "External Battery" header''' and a '''JP8 "Battery Select" jumper'''.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/a26e.htm</ref> For long-term storage, fit a remote CR2032 holder on flying leads to J2 and move JP8 to "External" — this lets you remove the planar's onboard cell without losing CMOS configuration during storage.

== Memory ==

Memory varies dramatically by submodel:

* '''325T (386SLC)''' — 72-pin parity SIMM, 70–85 ns; 2 MB soldered + 2 sockets; 16 MB system max.
* '''Original 1992 6384 (425SX, 433DX, 466DX2)''' — '''30-pin parity SIMM''' (the only PS/ValuePoint family with 30-pin), 70–80 ns, installed in banks of 4, max 32 MB.
* '''All other 6381 /Si, 6382 /S, 6384 /D, 6387 /T''' — '''72-pin parity SIMM''', 70 ns (up to 85 ns), 4 sockets, max 64 MB.
* '''6384 P60/D''' — 72-pin parity SIMM, 70 ns, installed in '''pairs''' for dual-channel, max 128 MB.

All PS/ValuePoint memory is '''parity'''. Do not fit non-parity SIMMs — the POST will halt at a 2xx memory error.

== Storage Maintenance ==

* '''IDE drives''' — clean drive connector. Original IBM drives (80 / 120 / 170 / 212 / 245 / 340 / 420 / 527 MB) are aged 25+ years and are unreliable; replace with CompactFlash-to-IDE or XT-IDE / IDE2SD adapter for long-term use.
* '''Floppy drives''' — Alps drives have the SMD electrolytic on the drive logic board that '''can leak'''. See [[IBM PS/ValuePoint Capacitor Replacement Guide]]. Replace head-cleaning belt if drive is intermittent.
* '''Optional SCSI''' — Future Domain 8-bit (TMC-850IBM) or 16-bit AT Fast SCSI adapter. Driver disks for DOS / OS/2 / Windows.

=== 2.88 MB Floppy Support ===

* '''486 boards''' — do '''not''' support 2.88 MB drives.
* '''P60/D''' — '''does''' support 2.88 MB drives.

== Connector Care ==

* '''Keyboard''' — 5-pin AT DIN on most submodels (PS/2 Mini-DIN-6 on later /D boards).
* '''Mouse''' — PS/2 Mini-DIN-6 on planar.
* '''Serial''' — DB-9 male × 2 on most boards.
* '''Parallel''' — DB-25 female on planar.
* '''Video''' — 15-pin DSUB VGA on planar (Cirrus / Tseng / S3 / ATI Mach32 chip-dependent).
* '''Cover lock''' — IBM-keyed cylinder, OEM by Chicago Lock Company.

== BIOS Update Procedure ==

All Type-2 boards (6382, 6384 VP2, 6387) share '''flash BIOS image L6JT70A.EXE (version 70)'''.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/ceda.htm</ref>

# Download the BIOS image from IBM's archive (or from a mirror such as the kev009 collection).
# Write to a '''write-protected DOS floppy'''. Critical: do '''not''' run the update from a Windows 95 / 98 / NT command prompt with the floppy unprotected — the diskette can be corrupted by the OS.
# Boot from the DOS floppy.
# Run the BIOS update; do not power off until done.
# After update, re-enter Setup (F1 during memory count) and re-confirm boot order.

Per-MT BIOS images:

* '''6381 /Si''' — L8JT52A.EXE.
* '''6382 /S, 6384 /D, 6387 /T''' — L6JT70A.EXE (v70).
* '''6384 P60/D''' — VPP60FL6.EXE.

'''BIOS v68 or later''' is required to enable '''P24T-83 Pentium OverDrive''' on 486 boards.<ref>http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/859e.htm</ref>

== Cache Configuration ==

L2 cache is field-upgradeable on most PS/ValuePoint 486 boards:

* '''6381 SX / DX''' — supports 128 KB or 256 KB L2 cache module.
* '''6382 /S, 6384 /D, 6387 /T''' — 128 KB or 256 KB L2.
* '''Type 1''' boards — write-through L2.
* '''Type 2''' boards — write-back L2.
* '''466DX2''' — 256 KB L2 standard.

If the L2 cache module is missing and a 12902 / 12904 POST code appears, fit an IBM cache module of the correct type.

== Recommended Tools ==

* Philips #2 screwdriver.
* Anti-static strap.
* Digital multimeter (DC and AC modes).
* IPA + foam swabs.
* Soldering iron with fine tip + solder wick (for floppy drive logic board recap).
* Hot-air rework station (optional, useful for the floppy drive SMD cap).
* Spare CR2032 cells.
* DOS bootable floppy (or IDE-to-CF adapter with bootable DOS image).
* DOS-formatted floppy + BIOS image for your specific MT.
* IBM HMM PDF for your machine type.

== Related Pages ==

* [[IBM PS/ValuePoint]]
* [[IBM PS/ValuePoint Troubleshooting Guide]]
* [[IBM PS/ValuePoint Capacitor Replacement Guide]]
* [[IBM PS/ValuePoint Video Mod Guide]]
* [[Recommended Tools]]

== References ==

* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/pccbbs/valuepnt/s61g1423.pdf IBM Hardware Maintenance Manual S61G-1423-01 (Sep 1993)]. Authoritative HMM for the 638x family.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/basil.holloway/boo-to-pdf/S61G_1423_02.pdf IBM HMM S61G-1423-02 (Aug 1996)]. Updated HMM including 64xx transitional models.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/basil.holloway/boo-to-pdf/S71G_1875_00.pdf IBM 6387/T Supplement S71G-1875-00 (May 1993)]. Tower-specific supplement.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/e1f6.htm IBM PS/ValuePoint Tips & Tricks, kev009 mirror]. Battery (lithium) confirmation, F1 enters Setup, voltage selector, cover lock, ICS/Chrontel video chip note.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/a26e.htm IBM PS/ValuePoint system board layouts]. B1/BT1 battery position, J2 external battery, JP8 battery select.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/859e.htm IBM PS/ValuePoint 6382/S, 6384/D, 6387/T system info]. 200 W PSU, OverDrive jumpers, Type 1 vs Type 2, IBMKBFIX.
* [http://ps-2.kev009.com/pcpartnerinfo/ctstips/ceda.htm IBM PS/ValuePoint flash BIOS update procedure]. L6JT70A.EXE for Type-2 boards, write-protect floppy under Windows.
* [https://www.zx.net.nz/computers/ibm/psvaluepoint_425sxsi/ zx.net.nz — IBM PS/ValuePoint 425SX/Si hands-on documentation]. CR2032 leakage report, Alps floppy SMD cap note.

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[[Category:IBM]]
[[Category:Maintenance Guides]]