Editing Atari 1200XL Capacitor Replacement Guide (section)

=== Procedure ===

# '''Disconnect power''' – unplug the external transformer and allow the unit to sit for several minutes.
# '''Disassemble the console''' – remove the six bottom screws, six PCB screws, and eleven RF shield push rivets as described in the Field Service Manual (Section 4).
# '''Document existing capacitors''' – photograph the board before removal. Note polarity markings (stripe on negative lead for axial electrolytics).
# '''Remove old capacitors''' – heat each lead from the solder side of the board while applying gentle pressure or using a desoldering pump. Axial capacitors have leads that pass through the board; work each lead alternately to avoid pad damage.
# '''Clean the pads''' – remove residual solder with desoldering braid. Clean the pad area with IPA and an ESD-safe brush. Inspect pads and traces for damage.
# '''Install replacement capacitors''' – observe '''correct polarity'''. Axial electrolytics have a stripe or band marking the '''negative (−)''' lead. Insert into the correct holes, ensuring the polarity matches the PCB silkscreen markings.
# '''Solder securely''' – use a temperature-controlled iron. Apply solder to create a smooth, concave fillet around each lead. Avoid cold joints (grainy, dull appearance) and solder bridges.
# '''Trim leads''' – cut excess lead length flush with the solder joint using flush cutters.
# '''Clean and inspect''' – clean all solder joints with IPA. Inspect under magnification for solder bridges, cold joints, or damaged traces.
# '''Check for shorts''' – use a multimeter in continuity mode to verify no shorts exist between the +5V rail and ground before powering on.