Editing Power Macintosh 7100

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{{Infobox computer
| name         = Power Macintosh 7100
| image        = [[File:Power Macintosh 7100-80 front.jpg|260px|frameless]]
| caption      = Power Macintosh 7100/80. Photo: Matt Gibson, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
| manufacturer = Apple Computer, Inc.
| type         = Desktop personal computer
| release_date = 14 March 1994 (7100/66, 7100/66AV); 3 January 1995 (7100/80, 7100/80AV)
| discontinued = 6 January 1996 (7100/80, Apple)
| cpu          = PowerPC 601 at 66 or 80 MHz; 33 or 40 MHz bus
| fpu          = Built into the PowerPC 601
| memory       = 8 MB soldered; four 72-pin SIMM sockets used in pairs; 136 MB maximum
| rom          = 4 MB, on a SIMM
| graphics     = HDI-45 port driven from main memory; PDS video card with 1 or 2 MB VRAM (2 MB on the AV card) and a DB-15 port
| storage      = 250 or 500 MB (7100/66) or 500 or 700 MB (7100/80) SCSI hard drive
| media        = 1.4 MB SuperDrive (manual insert); AppleCD 300i Plus on the 7100/66AV and some 80 MHz machines
| sound        = 16-bit stereo input and output
| expansion    = Three NuBus slots; one PDS (holds the video card); L2 cache SIMM slot
| ports        = ADB, two GeoPort serial, SCSI (DB-25), AAUI-15 Ethernet, HDI-45 and DB-15 video, sound in and out
| power        = 100–240 V AC, auto-ranging; 167 W maximum continuous input
| dimensions   = 152 × 330 × 419 mm (6.0 × 13.0 × 16.5 in)
| weight       = 24 lb (Service Source); 25 lb (Apple specification pages)
| os           = System 7.1.2 (7100/66) or 7.5 (7100/80); supported to Mac OS 9
}}
The '''Power Macintosh 7100''' is a desktop Macintosh with a PowerPC 601 processor, introduced by Apple on 14 March 1994 at 66 MHz with the first Power Macintosh range and raised to 80 MHz on 3 January 1995.<ref name="a66">Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-us/112087 "Power Macintosh 7100/66: Technical Specifications"]. 601 at 66 MHz; data path 64-bit, 33 MHz; L2 optional; 3 NuBus, PDS filled; video DB-15 and HDI-45; Ethernet AAUI-15; 230 max watts, 1.9 A, 100–240 V; battery type 3.6V lithium; 8 MB on the logic board; four 72-pin SIMM slots in groups of 2; 8–136 MB; 80 ns; introduced 3/14/1994; discontinued 1/3/1995; form factor IIvx; Gestalt ID 112; 25 lb; 6 × 13 × 16.5 in; System 7.1.2; supported to Mac OS 9; 2x CD.</ref><ref name="a80">Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-us/112086 "Power Macintosh 7100/80: Technical Specifications"]. 601 at 80 MHz; data path 64-bit, 40 MHz; L2 256K; introduced 1/3/1995; discontinued 1/6/1996; Gestalt ID 47; System 7.5 with PowerPC Enabler 1.1.1.</ref> It uses the case of the [[Macintosh Quadra 650]] family, which Apple's specification pages call the IIvx form factor,<ref name="lem" /> and Apple sold a 7100/66 logic board upgrade kit for the Quadra 650 and Centris 650.<ref name="ss">Apple Computer, ''Service Source: Power Macintosh 7100 Series'' (1995), [[:File:Powermac_7100_series.pdf]]; see [[Power Macintosh 7100 Series Service Source]]. Page numbers are PDF pages: Troubleshooting Tips pp. 6–8, Rear Panel pp. 15–16, Logic Board Connectors pp. 17–18, Specifications pp. 20–33, Symptom Charts pp. 36–51, Take Apart pp. 53–88, Upgrades pp. 90–117, Additional Procedures pp. 119–130, Exploded View p. 132.</ref> Wikipedia records that its development code name was "Carl Sagan", which led to a dispute with the astronomer.<ref name="wp">Wikipedia, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_Macintosh_7100 "Power Macintosh 7100"]. Introduced March 1994, sold until January 1996; code name "Carl Sagan", later "BHA"; Sagan's lawsuits.</ref>

== Models ==
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
|+ '''Power Macintosh 7100 models (Apple specification pages)'''
! Model !! Introduced !! Discontinued !! Clock / bus !! L2 cache !! Video card
|-
| 7100/66 || 14 March 1994 || 3 January 1995 || 66 / 33 MHz || Optional || 2 MB Video Card (1 MB VRAM, expandable to 2 MB)
|-
| 7100/66AV || 14 March 1994 || 3 January 1995 || 66 / 33 MHz || Optional || AV Card, 2 MB VRAM, S-video in and out
|-
| 7100/80 || 3 January 1995 || 6 January 1996 || 80 / 40 MHz || 256K || 2 MB Video Card (1 MB VRAM, expandable to 2 MB)
|-
| 7100/80AV || 3 January 1995 || 5 August 1995 || 80 / 40 MHz || 256K || AV Card, 2 MB VRAM, S-video in and out
|}
Sources: Apple's specification pages and service manual.<ref name="a66" /><ref name="a80" /><ref name="a66av">Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-us/112084 "Power Macintosh 7100/66AV: Technical Specifications"]. Includes S-video ports for video in and out; RCA ports via an included adapter; 2 MB VRAM built in; introduced 3/14/1994; discontinued 1/3/1995.</ref><ref name="a80av">Apple, [https://support.apple.com/en-us/112083 "Power Macintosh 7100/80AV: Technical Specifications"]. Introduced 1/3/1995; discontinued 8/5/1995.</ref> The AV models use the same logic board as the others; the difference is the Power Macintosh AV Card in the PDS slot (p. 8).<ref name="ss" />

== Hardware ==
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%;"
|+ '''Apple's figures for the Power Macintosh 7100'''
! Item !! Figure
|-
| Processor || PowerPC 601 at 66 MHz (needs System 7.1.2 or later) or 80 MHz (System 7.5 with enabler 1.1.1 or later); built-in MMU and FPU; 32K on-chip cache (p. 20)
|-
| RAM || 8 MB soldered to the logic board; four SIMM sockets taking pairs of the same size and speed, 72-pin, noncomposite, 80 ns or faster; 136 MB maximum (p. 21)
|-
| ROM || 4 MB, on a SIMM in a socket that is interchangeable with the cache SIMM socket (pp. 21, 86)
|-
| Video || DRAM-based HDI-45 port on the logic board, which drives AudioVision monitors directly and, with an HDI-45 to DB-15 adapter, monitors up to 17 inches; PDS video card with a DB-15 port for monitors up to 21 inches. The 2 MB Video Card has 1 MB VRAM, expandable to 2 MB with four 256K VRAM SIMMs; the AV Card has 2 MB (pp. 22, 27–30)
|-
| Level-2 cache || Optional 256K SIMM on the 7100/66; standard 256K on the 7100/80 (p. 22)
|-
| Storage || 250 or 500 MB (7100/66) or 500 or 700 MB (7100/80) SCSI hard drive; manual-insert 1.4 MB SuperDrive; AppleCD 300i Plus standard on the 7100/66AV and on some 7100/80 and 7100/80AV machines (pp. 23–24)
|-
| Ports || SCSI DB-25 for up to six external devices (five with an internal CD-ROM); two GeoPort serial ports (mini DIN-9, taking DIN-8 plugs); one ADB port, 500 mA; AAUI-15 Ethernet (p. 25)
|-
| Expansion || One 182-pin processor-direct slot, normally holding the video card; three NuBus slots (p. 26)
|-
| Sound || 16-bit stereo in and out at 48, 44.1, 24 and 22.05 kHz; 1 V peak-to-peak line level (p. 26)
|-
| Electrical || 100–240 V AC, automatically configured, 50–60 Hz; 167 W maximum continuous and 230 W peak input, excluding the monitor; 112 W continuous DC output (p. 31)
|-
| Physical || 6.0 × 13.0 × 16.5 in (152 × 330 × 419 mm); 24 lb (11.3 kg) (p. 32)
|-
| Clock battery || Long-life lithium; replace below 3.2 V (pp. 22, 120)
|}
Source: the service manual at the pages given.<ref name="ss" /> Apple's specification pages give the battery as 3.6 V lithium, the weight as 25 lb and the supply as 230 W maximum, 1.9 A.<ref name="a66" />

[[File:Power Macintosh 7100 logic board diagram (Apple Service Source).png|thumb|right|300px|Apple's logic board connector diagram (Service Source p. 18)]]
=== The video card must be fitted ===
Apple says the 7100/66 and 7100/80 "must have a video card installed in the PDS slot": a missing card "can result in a system that won't boot or a system that crashes" (p. 8). The upgrade instructions add that the card is needed "for proper bus termination" (p. 111), and Apple's chart for intermittent crashes includes checking for it (p. 40).<ref name="ss" /> Third-party processor upgrades for the 7100 also go in the PDS; Low End Mac notes that some carry a pass-through connector for the video card.<ref name="lem">Low End Mac, [https://lowendmac.com/1994/power-mac-7100/ "Power Mac 7100"] (LEM Staff). Built into the Quadra 650 case with three NuBus slots and a PDS; processor upgrades fit the PDS and may include a pass-through for the video card; RAM "will not recognize more than 32 MB per SIMM even if you install 64 MB SIMMs"; floppy sled shared with the IIvi, IIvx, Centris 650 and Quadra 650; PRAM battery 3.6 V half-AA; 230 W supply.</ref>

=== Memory ===
SIMMs go in matched pairs of the same size and speed, noncomposite only (p. 21). With bad SIMMs fitted, a 7100 does not play the death chimes of earlier Macs; it shows a dialog box saying a bad SIMM has been found (p. 7).<ref name="ss" /> Low End Mac says the 7100 will not recognise more than 32 MB per SIMM even when 64 MB SIMMs are fitted.<ref name="lem" />

=== Cooling ===
The power supply has its own fan. Apple's take-apart chapter covers a second fan clipped under the drive chassis next to the DRAM heat sink, fitted only to the 7100/80 and 7100/80AV (pp. 78–82). The chart for intermittent shutdowns starts with clearing the air vents, because thermal protection may shut the machine down; Apple says it "should be OK" again after 30 to 40 minutes (p. 39).<ref name="ss" />

== Known faults ==
* A machine that will not power up: Apple's first step is always the logic board reset, which removes the battery and presses the rear power-on button (pp. 6, 124–128).
* Clicking, chirping or thumping: replace the power supply, then the logic board (p. 38).
* A Multiple Scan monitor on a 7100/66AV showing ghosting or smearing: replace the AV Card (p. 43).
* A one-part error chord at start-up: Apple's chart isolates the hard drive and floppy drive by unplugging them in turn before replacing the logic board (p. 37).
Source: service manual.<ref name="ss" /> All of Apple's charts are on [[Power Macintosh 7100 Troubleshooting]].

== Service parts ==
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|+ '''Power Macintosh 7100 parts (Apple exploded view, p. 132)'''
! Part !! Apple part number
|-
| Logic board || 661-0897, 661-0208
|-
| Power supply || 661-0758
|-
| Power supply strap || 922-0906
|-
| Manual-insert floppy drive || 661-0121
|-
| Top housing || 922-0405
|-
| Front panel || 922-0899
|-
| Internal chassis || 922-0058
|-
| Speaker || 922-0055
|-
| Bottom housing || 922-0898
|}
Source: exploded view.<ref name="ss" /> The manual does not say which of the two logic board numbers applies to which model.

== Maintenance and repair ==
* [[Power Macintosh 7100 General Maintenance]]
* [[Power Macintosh 7100 Troubleshooting]]
* [[Power Macintosh 7100 Capacitor Replacement Guide]]

== Documentation ==
* [[Power Macintosh 7100 Series Service Source]]: Apple's 132-page service manual for the 7100/66, 7100/66AV, 7100/80 and 7100/80AV.
* [[Power Macintosh 7100 User's Guide]]: Apple's owner's guide for the 7100 series (1994).
* [[Power Macintosh Computers Developer Note]] (7100/66) and [[:File:Enhanced Power Macintosh Computers Developer Note (1994).pdf|Enhanced Power Macintosh Computers Developer Note]] (7100/80): Apple's developer notes.

<pdf width="800" height="500">File:Powermac_7100_series.pdf</pdf>

== Related pages ==
* [[Power Macintosh 6100]]
* [[Macintosh Quadra 650]]
* [[Power Macintosh 8100/ WS 8150 Service Source]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Apple Vintage Computers]]
{{Navbox-AppleVintage|state=collapsed}}