Commodore PET 4000 Series: Difference between revisions

Cite to Commodore drawings 8032090 and 8032051 in the hosted PET 4000 Technical Manual: three on-board regulators (VR4 LM323 +5 V, VR2 7812 +12 V, VR1 7905 -5 V), 16 MHz Y1, full electrolytic list, supply chassis is transformer + 23,000 uF C1 + 1.6 A slow-blow F1 with no regulator; remove red links
C2 is 470 uF 16 V, not 4700 uF (drawing 8032090); drop uncited LM323 rating and VIC-20 comparison; VR2 is the TO-3 part per the list; cite Fachat for the beeper and CRTC behaviour; copyedit
Line 5: Line 5:
| manufacturer = Commodore Business Machines
| manufacturer = Commodore Business Machines
| type        = Personal computer
| type        = Personal computer
| release date = 1980
| release date = 1980<ref name="wp">{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_PET |title=Commodore PET |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-10-01}} Section on the 4000 series: launched in 1980 with BASIC 4.0.</ref>
| discontinued = 1982
| cpu          = MOS Technology 6502 at 1 MHz
| cpu          = MOS Technology 6502 @ 1 MHz
| memory      = 16 KB or 32 KB dynamic RAM, by model
| memory      = 8 KB, 16 KB or 32 KB dynamic RAM, by model
| storage      = IEEE-488 disk drives; two external cassette ports
| storage      = IEEE-488 floppy drives; two external cassette ports
| display      = Built-in 9-inch or 12-inch monochrome CRT, 40 × 25 text
| display      = Built-in 9-inch or 12-inch monochrome CRT, 40×25 text
| sound        = Piezo transducer MT1 on 12-inch models
| sound        = Piezo-acoustic transducer, MT1, driven from the 6522
| power        = Internal linear supply: transformer, 23,000 µF filter capacitor, 1.6 A slow-blow fuse
| power        = Internal linear supply: transformer, 23,000 µF filter, 1.6 A slow-blow fuse
| os          = Commodore BASIC 4.0
| os          = Commodore BASIC 4.0
| predecessor  = [[Commodore PET 2001]]
| predecessor  = [[Commodore PET 2001]]
| successor    = CBM 8000 series
| successor    = CBM 8000 series
| model        = 4008, 4016, 4032
| model        = 4016, 4032
| logo        = [[File:Commodore PET logo-03.svg|250px]]
| logo        = [[File:Commodore PET logo-03.svg|250px]]
}}
}}
<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" />
<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" />


The '''Commodore PET 4000 Series''' was introduced in 1980, replacing the PET 2001 and 3000 machines. It brought '''Commodore BASIC 4.0''' with its disk commands, and it is built on the '''universal dynamic PET''' board — a completely different design from the static board in the original [[Commodore PET 2001]], with different rails, different regulators and a different crystal.
The '''Commodore PET 4000 Series''' was introduced in 1980, replacing the PET 2001 and 3000 machines, and brought Commodore BASIC 4.0 with its disk commands.<ref name="wp" /> It is built on the universal dynamic PET board, a different design from the static board in the original [[Commodore PET 2001]], with different rails, regulators and crystal.


'''The hardware figures on this page are read directly from Commodore's own drawings''' in the ''PET 4000 Series Technical Manual'', P/N 990438, hosted here.<ref name="tm4k">Commodore Business Machines, ''PET 4000 Series Technical Manual'', P/N 990438, for models 4016 and 4032, hosted at [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Technical Manual]]. Drawing '''8032090 Rev H, "PCB ASSY – UNIV. DYNAMIC PET"''': sheet 3 gives the board's capacitors and transistors by reference designator and Commodore part number; sheet 4 gives the diodes, the three voltage regulators (VR1 a 7905 at −5 V/1.5 A, part 901527-03; VR2 a 7812 at +12 V/1 A, part 901528-04; VR4 an LM323 in TO-3, part 901528-01), the 7.5 V zeners VR5 and VR6, the 16 MHz crystal Y1, the socket and header list, the 2.2 µH inductors L1 and L2, and the heatsinks. Drawing '''8032051 Rev E, "Power Supply Assy, 8032"''': the supply chassis consists of transformer T1 (320902-01) on universal power chassis 8032043-02, filter capacitor C1 of '''23,000 µF''' (900102-01), the dynamic PET power harness 320289-01, fuse F1 '''125 V slow-blow 1.6 A''' (903557-04), fuse holder XF1 and rocker switch SW1 — and no voltage regulator and no mains-rated suppression capacitor. Also drawings 321450 and following for the 12-inch and 9-inch CRT displays.</ref> Where the manual does not give a figure, none is given here.
Commodore's ''PET 4000 Series Technical Manual'', P/N 990438, is hosted here and is the source for the hardware figures below.<ref name="tm4k">Commodore Business Machines, ''PET 4000 Series Technical Manual'', P/N 990438, for models 4016 and 4032, hosted at [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Technical Manual]]. Drawing 8032090 Rev H, "PCB ASSY - UNIV. DYNAMIC PET" (PDF pp. 3-7): capacitors by reference designator and Commodore part number; voltage regulators VR1 (7905, -5 V 1.5 A, 901527-03, TO-220), VR2 (7812, +12 V 1 A, 901528-04, TO-3) and VR4 (LM323, 901528-01); 7.5 V zeners VR5 and VR6; 16 MHz crystal Y1; piezo transducer MT1 (907300-02). Drawing 8032051, "Power Supply Assy" (PDF p. 39): transformer, 23,000 µF capacitor, fuse 125 V slow-blow 1.6 A, fuse holder and rocker switch.</ref>


== Architecture and processor ==
== Architecture and processor ==


A '''MOS Technology 6502''' at 1 MHz. The master crystal '''Y1 is 16 MHz''' on this board — twice the 8 MHz of the PET 2001, which is the quickest way to tell the two board generations apart on the bench.<ref name="tm4k" />
The CPU is a MOS Technology 6502 at 1 MHz. The crystal Y1 is 16 MHz on this board, against 8 MHz on the PET 2001, which is a quick way to tell the two board generations apart.<ref name="tm4k" />


Commodore BASIC 4.0 in ROM adds the disk commands (<code>DLOAD</code>, <code>DSAVE</code>, <code>CATALOG</code>, <code>SCRATCH</code> and the rest) that make an IEEE-488 drive usable without wading through the command channel.
Commodore BASIC 4.0 adds disk commands such as <code>DLOAD</code>, <code>DSAVE</code>, <code>CATALOG</code> and <code>SCRATCH</code>.<ref name="wp" />


== Power and rails ==
== Power and rails ==


'''The supply chassis contains no regulator.''' Commodore's ''Power Supply Assy, 8032'' drawing lists a transformer, one filter capacitor, a fuse, a fuse holder and a rocker switch — nothing else.<ref name="tm4k" />
The supply chassis contains no regulator. Commodore's ''Power Supply Assy'' drawing 8032051 lists a transformer, one filter capacitor, a fuse, a fuse holder and a rocker switch.<ref name="tm4k" />


{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:95%; text-align:left;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:95%; text-align:left;"
Line 39: Line 38:
! Ref !! Part !! Commodore part no.
! Ref !! Part !! Commodore part no.
|-
|-
| '''T1''' || Transformer, on the universal power chassis 8032043-02 || 320902-01
| T1 || Transformer, on the universal power chassis 8032043-02 || 320902-01
|-
|-
| '''C1''' || Filter capacitor, '''23,000 µF''' || 900102-01
| C1 || Filter capacitor, 23,000 µF || 900102-01
|-
|-
| '''F1''' || Fuse, '''125 V slow-blow, 1.6 A''' || 903557-04
| F1 || Fuse, 125 V slow-blow, 1.6 A || 903557-04
|-
|-
| XF1, SW1 || Fuse holder and rocker switch || 903611-03, 904507-01
| XF1, SW1 || Fuse holder and rocker switch || 903611-03, 904507-01
|-
|-
| — || Dynamic PET power harness || 320289-01
| || Dynamic PET power harness || 320289-01
|}
|}


'''C1 is a 23,000 µF can and it stores real energy.''' Bleed it through a resistor before working near the chassis; do not short it with a screwdriver. Mains is present on the primary side of T1 whenever the machine is plugged in.
C1 stores real energy. Bleed it through a resistor before working near the chassis. Mains is present at the switch, fuse and transformer primary whenever the machine is plugged in.


All the regulation happens '''on the logic board''':<ref name="tm4k" />
The regulation is on the logic board:<ref name="tm4k" />


{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:95%; text-align:left;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:95%; text-align:left;"
Line 58: Line 57:
! Ref !! Device !! Output !! Commodore part no.
! Ref !! Device !! Output !! Commodore part no.
|-
|-
| '''VR1''' || 7905 || '''−5 V''', 1.5 A || 901527-03
| VR1 || 7905, TO-220 || &minus;5 V, 1.5 A || 901527-03
|-
|-
| '''VR2''' || 7812 || '''+12 V''', 1 A || 901528-04
| VR2 || 7812, TO-3 || +12 V, 1 A || 901528-04
|-
|-
| '''VR4''' || '''LM323''', TO-3 || +5 V || 901528-01
| VR4 || LM323 || +5 V || 901528-01
|-
|-
| VR5, VR6 || 7.5 V zener diodes || — || 900941-01
| VR5, VR6 || 7.5 V zener diodes || || 900941-01
|}
|}


'''The +5 V regulator is an LM323, not a 7805.''' It is the same TO-3 5 A part Commodore used in the early [[Commodore VIC-20]], and it is not a drop-in swap for a 1 A TO-220 device.
The +5&nbsp;V regulator is an LM323, not a 7805. In the board photo below, VR2 and VR4 are the two TO-3 cans on the heatsink along the top edge.


'''There is a −5 V rail on this machine.''' That is a real difference from the PET 2001, which has none — so a rail list copied between the two will be wrong in one direction or the other.
The &minus;5&nbsp;V rail is a real difference from the PET 2001, whose static board has no &minus;5&nbsp;V regulator. Check all three rails, +5&nbsp;V, +12&nbsp;V and &minus;5&nbsp;V, on this board.


Rectification on the board is by bridges CR2 and CR4 (4 A / 50 V) and diodes CR1, CR5 and CR7 (1N4005), with CR3 a 1N5402.<ref name="tm4k" />
Rectification on the board is by bridges CR2 and CR4 (4 A, 50 V) and diodes CR1, CR5 and CR7 (1N4005), with CR3 a 1N5402.<ref name="tm4k" />


== Storage and I/O ==
== Storage and I/O ==


There is '''no internal cassette deck''' on a 4000-series machine. Storage is:
There is no internal cassette deck on a 4000-series machine. Storage is:


* '''IEEE-488 (GPIB)''' — Commodore 4040 and 8050 drives, and IEEE printers
* IEEE-488 (GPIB) disk drives and printers
* '''Two cassette ports''' — for external Datassettes
* Two cassette ports for external Datassettes
* The user port and the memory expansion connector
* The user port and the memory expansion connector


== Video and sound ==
== Video and sound ==


Character-based, 40 columns by 25 rows, on a built-in 9-inch or 12-inch monochrome CRT. The technical manual carries separate drawing sets for the two display sizes, beginning at drawing 321450 for the 12-inch.<ref name="tm4k" />
The display is character-based, 40 columns by 25 rows, on a built-in 9-inch or 12-inch monochrome CRT. The technical manual has waveform sets for both displays: drawing 321450 for the 12-inch and 321447 for the 9-inch.<ref name="tm4k" />


Unlike the original PET 2001, the 4000-series board carries a '''piezo-acoustic transducer at MT1''' (Commodore part 907300-02), driven from the 6522's CB2 line — which is where the PET's characteristic beep comes from.<ref name="tm4k" />
The board has a piezo transducer, MT1 (Commodore part 907300-02).<ref name="tm4k" /> André Fachat notes that the 12-inch models have the beeper and, from BASIC 4, "chirp" at reset; a 12-inch machine that stays silent at reset points at the beeper signal or the VIA.<ref name="fachat">André Fachat, {{cite web |url=https://6502.org/users/andre/petindex/repairs.html |title=PET repairs |website=6502.org |access-date=2026-10-01}}</ref>


== Electrolytics on the logic board ==
== Electrolytics on the logic board ==


Commodore's own list for the universal dynamic PET board. This is the whole electrolytic complement; everything else in the C1–C97 range on that board is a ceramic, a mica or a tantalum.<ref name="tm4k" />
Commodore's list for the universal dynamic PET board gives these electrolytics and tantalums; the rest of the C1-C97 range is ceramics and mica.<ref name="tm4k" />


{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:left;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:100%; text-align:left;"
|+'''Universal dynamic PET board, drawing 8032090 sheet 3'''
|+'''Universal dynamic PET board, drawing 8032090'''
! Ref !! Value !! Type !! Commodore part no.
! Ref !! Value !! Type !! Commodore part no.
|-
|-
| '''C1, C16, C17, C23, C24''' || 10 µF 25 V || Electrolytic, '''low-leakage''' || 900109-03
| C1, C16, C17, C23, C24 || 10 µF 25 V || Low-leakage electrolytic || 900109-03
|-
|-
| '''C2''' || 4700 µF 16 V || Electrolytic || 900100-44
| C2 || 470 µF 16 V || Electrolytic || 900100-44
|-
|-
| '''C5''' || 4700 µF 25 V || Electrolytic || 900100-45
| C5 || 4700 µF 25 V || Electrolytic || 900100-45
|-
|-
| '''C7, C11''' || 47 µF 16 V || Electrolytic || 900101-37
| C7, C11 || 47 µF 16 V || Electrolytic || 900101-37
|-
|-
| C6, C51 || 1 µF 35 V || '''Tantalum''' — fit a tantalum || 900402-13
| C6, C51 || 1 µF 35 V || Tantalum || 900402-13
|}
|}


'''C1, C16, C17, C23 and C24 are specified as low-leakage parts''', not ordinary electrolytics; Commodore calls them out as such in the list. C2 and C5 are the same value at different voltage ratings and are not interchangeable in the safe direction — '''C5 is the 25 V part'''.
Commodore lists C1, C16, C17, C23 and C24 as low-leakage electrolytics, with a reference to note 4 on the drawing; fit low-leakage parts there. Fit tantalums at C6 and C51.


No capacitor replacement guide has been written for this machine yet; the list above is what Commodore published.
=== Logic board ===
 
=== Motherboard ===
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:70%; text-align:center;"
|-
|-
! Logic board
! Logic board
|-
|-
| [[File:PET4000 Logic Board.jpg|thumb|center|350px|Commodore PET 4000 Series logic board]]
| [[File:PET4000 Logic Board.jpg|thumb|center|350px|Universal dynamic PET logic board, with the two TO-3 regulators on the heatsink at the top]]
|}
|}


== Common faults ==
== Common faults ==


* '''Display anomalies.''' The CRT board and its filter capacitors, then the video section of the logic board.
* Boot failures: ROM or dynamic RAM, or a rail that is out. Check +5&nbsp;V, +12&nbsp;V and &minus;5&nbsp;V before condemning a chip.
* '''Keyboard.''' Worn contacts and debris in the full-travel switches.
* A machine that shows nothing may still be running. On this board the CPU has to program the CRT controller (UB13) before there is any picture,<ref name="tm4k" /> so a blank screen does not separate a dead CPU from a dead video path the way garbage does on a PET 2001.<ref name="fachat" />
* '''Boot failures.''' ROM or dynamic RAM, or a rail that is out — check all three of +5 V, +12 V and −5 V before condemning a chip.
* Keyboard: worn contacts and debris in the full-travel switches.


For fault-finding see [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Troubleshooting Guide]]; for routine care see [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Maintenance Guide]].
For fault-finding see [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Troubleshooting Guide]]; for routine care see [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Maintenance Guide]].
Line 128: Line 125:
== Documentation hosted here ==
== Documentation hosted here ==


* '''[[Commodore PET 4000 Series Technical Manual]]''' — Commodore's drawing set, P/N 990438
* [[Commodore PET 4000 Series Technical Manual]]: Commodore's drawing set, P/N 990438
* [[Commodore PET 2001 Service Documentation]] — for the earlier static board
* [[Commodore PET 2001 Service Documentation]]: the earlier static board


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==