Apple Keyboard: Difference between revisions
Rebuild from Deskthority + Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware ch.8. Price corrected US$329 -> US$229 (1987); added M0115D variant; deleted unsourced dimensions, 2.3 kg weight, typing angle, post heights, 25/50 mA draw, switch force/travel/lifetime, PCB component counts, US/Ireland 60/40 production split, quality-control narrative, ~400,000-unit production statistics, 2024 market values and the 1987 competitor comparison table; replaced fabricated register-2 LED list with Apple Table 8-11;... |
|||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
| name = Apple Extended Keyboard | | name = Apple Extended Keyboard | ||
| image = [[File:Apple_Extended_Keyboard_M0115.jpg|250px]] | | image = [[File:Apple_Extended_Keyboard_M0115.jpg|250px]] | ||
| caption = Apple Extended Keyboard M0115 | | caption = Apple Extended Keyboard M0115 | ||
| manufacturer = Apple Computer, Inc. | | manufacturer = Apple Computer, Inc. (Alps Electric) | ||
| type = Computer keyboard | | type = Computer keyboard | ||
| release date = | | release date = 1987 (with the [[Macintosh II]] and [[Macintosh SE]]) | ||
| discontinued = | | discontinued = 1990 | ||
| price = US$ | | price = US$229 (1987) | ||
| interface = [[Apple Desktop Bus]] | | interface = [[Apple Desktop Bus]] | ||
| compatible = All ADB-equipped Macs, Apple IIGS | | compatible = All ADB-equipped Macs, Apple IIGS | ||
| successor = [[Apple Extended Keyboard II]] (M3501/M0312) | | successor = [[Apple Extended Keyboard II]] (M3501/M0312) | ||
| model = M0115, M0115B, M0115J | | model = M0115, M0115B, M0115D, M0115J | ||
}} | }} | ||
<templatestyles src="Template:StyledTable/styles.css" /> | |||
The '''Apple Extended Keyboard''' (model M0115) was Apple's first full-size keyboard, with a function-key row and an inverted-T navigation cluster.<ref name="dt">"Apple Extended Keyboard", [https://deskthority.net/wiki/Apple_Extended_Keyboard Deskthority wiki]. Model M0115; FCC ID BCG5K5M0115; 105-key ANSI Macintosh layout; Alps SKCM Orange, Alps SKCM Salmon and Alps SKCL Lock switches, plate mount; years of production 1987–1990; price $229 USD (1987); ABS case and space bar with PBT for the remaining keycaps; dye-sublimated legends in italic in Apple’s own keycap profile; two bidirectional ADB ports under the top left and right corners; no keyboard-angle adjustment; case screws replaceable with #6 3/8 in. Phillips pan-head screws of about 1.3 mm pitch; two different space-bar stabiliser arrangements; and the M0115B (UK, £ on the 3 key, "Assembled in Ireland"), M0115D (German, symbol-only function-key legends) and M0115J (Japanese) variants. '''Community wiki, cited as a secondary source''', photograph-backed; Deskthority marks this article as a stub.</ref> It was introduced in 1987 alongside the [[Macintosh II]] and [[Macintosh SE]]; neither machine shipped with a keyboard, so buyers chose between the cheaper [[Apple Keyboard (M0116)|Apple Standard Keyboard]] and this one.<ref name="dt" /> Deskthority gives the production span as '''1987–1990''' and the 1987 price as '''US$229'''.<ref name="dt" /> It was succeeded by the [[Apple Extended Keyboard II]] in 1990. | |||
'''Note on this page's title.''' This article is filed under "Apple Keyboard" but describes the '''Apple Extended Keyboard, M0115'''. The keyboard Apple itself called the "Apple Keyboard" or "Apple Standard Keyboard" is the M0116, which has its own page at [[Apple Keyboard (M0116)]]. | |||
== Design | == Design == | ||
The | === Case and construction === | ||
The case is ABS; the space bar is also ABS, while the remaining keycaps are PBT. Deskthority infers this from yellowing behaviour rather than from a published specification.<ref name="dt" /> There is '''no adjustment for the angle of the keyboard on the desk''' — the tilt is fixed, a point on which the Extended Keyboard II differed.<ref name="dt" /> | |||
Two cylindrical posts flank the function-key row, for holding a printed function-key overlay. Software of the period shipped cardboard or plastic templates that slipped over them. | |||
The case screws are unusual in being replaceable with a commodity part: Deskthority reports '''#6 3/8 in. Phillips pan-head screws''' of about 1.3 mm thread pitch as a working substitute.<ref name="dt" /> That is worth knowing, because the originals are routinely lost. | |||
== | === Ports === | ||
Two bidirectional ADB ports sit under the top left and right corners. Either can face the computer; the other normally takes the mouse.<ref name="dt" /> | |||
=== | == Switches == | ||
Main keys are '''Alps SKCM Orange''' or '''Alps SKCM Salmon'''; Caps Lock is an '''Alps SKCL Lock''' latching switch.<ref name="dt" /> Deskthority lists the M0115 among the keyboards that mostly carry Orange, and dates SKCM Orange to roughly 1987–1991.<ref name="orange">"Alps SKCM Orange", [https://deskthority.net/wiki/Alps_SKCM_Orange Deskthority wiki]. Tactile metal-leaf switch in the Alps SKCL/SKCM series, Alps keycap mount, plate mount; introduced ca. 1987, discontinued ca. 1991; supersedes Alps SKCM Cream and precedes Alps SKCM Salmon; listed as fitted to most Apple Extended Keyboards (M0115). Known variants differ in switchplate colour and length and in whether the Alps logo is moulded on top. Deskthority reproduces no Alps actuation-force or lifetime figure.</ref> Both are tactile and non-clicking. | |||
Orange Alps itself comes in identifiable sub-variants, distinguished by switchplate colour and length and by whether the Alps logo is moulded into the top shell.<ref name="orange" /> Examples in M0115s have been photographed both with and without the logo. | |||
'''No Alps figures for actuation force, pre-travel, total travel or rated lifetime could be traced.''' The widely quoted "70 g ± 10 g / 2.0 mm / 3.5 mm / 10–15 million actuations" is not reproduced by any source consulted here and is not stated on this page. | |||
== | === Stabilisers === | ||
'''Two different space-bar stabiliser arrangements have been observed''' across production.<ref name="dt" /> If you are sourcing a replacement space bar or stabiliser wire from a donor, check that it matches the board you are fitting it to rather than assuming. | |||
=== | == Keycaps == | ||
Dye-sublimated PBT, except the ABS space bar, with legends in italic type in Apple's own keycap profile — a profile that does not correspond to Cherry or OEM.<ref name="dt" /> The profile matters if you are considering replacements: nothing off the shelf will sit correctly. | |||
=== | == Variants == | ||
{| class="wikitable styled-table" style="width:80%;" | |||
|+'''Documented M0115 variants'''<ref name="dt" /> | |||
! Model !! Difference | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="width: | |||
|+''' | |||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | '''M0115''' || Base model, 105-key ANSI Macintosh layout | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | '''M0115B''' || UK. Same layout, but the '''3''' key carries £ instead of #, and the rear label reads "Assembled in Ireland" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | '''M0115D''' || German. Notable for '''symbol-only legends on the function keys''' rather than words | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | '''M0115J''' || Japanese legends, same layout | ||
|} | |} | ||
The FCC ID is '''BCG5K5M0115'''.<ref name="dt" /> | |||
'' | |||
== ADB Behaviour == | |||
''' | The Extended Keyboard is an ADB encoded device at default address '''$02'''.<ref name="gmfh">''Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware'', second edition, Apple Computer, Inc. / Addison-Wesley, 1990 — hosted on this wiki as [[:File:Apple Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware 2nd Edition 1990.pdf]]. Chapter 8, "Apple Desktop Bus": Table 8-1 connector signal assignments (470 Ω pull-up, POWER.ON on pin 2); Table 8-2 transceiver electrical characteristics; Table 8-4 register 0 in the Apple Standard Mouse and its note on 100 ±10 / 200 ±10 counts per inch; Tables 8-7 and 8-8 registers 0 and 2 in the Apple Standard Keyboard; Tables 8-10 and 8-11 registers 0 and 2 in the Apple Extended Keyboard and the $0002 → $0003 Device Handler ID change for right-hand Option and Control; Table 8-13 command byte syntax; Table 8-14 the full ADB timing specification; Table 8-15 device register 3; Table 8-16 device addresses; Table 8-17 reserved Device Handler IDs; the 500 mA total bus limit, the 5 m / 100 pF-per-metre cable limits, the 11 ms idle polling interval and the warning against unplugging a device while the computer is running. Chapter 9, "Floppy Disk Interfaces": Table 9-1 drive capacities, file systems and encoding; the IWM and SWIM interface ICs; internal 20-pin and external DB-19 pinouts; drive current requirements; and the PWM motor-speed line used only by 400K single-sided drives.</ref> Apple's published register definitions:<ref name="gmfh" /> | ||
''' | * '''Register 0''' holds two key events in 16 bits: bit 15 key status for the first key (0 = down), bits 14–8 its 7-bit key code, bit 7 key status for the second key, bits 6–0 its code. | ||
* | * '''Register 2''' carries the modifier keys — Delete (bit 14), Caps Lock (13), Reset (12), Control (11), Shift (10), Option (9), Command (8) — and, unlike the Standard Keyboard, also '''Num Lock/Clear (bit 7)''', '''Scroll Lock (bit 6)''' and the three lock '''LEDs''': LED 3 Scroll Lock (bit 2), LED 2 Caps Lock (bit 1), LED 1 Num Lock (bit 0). A zero means a key is down '''or an LED is on'''. The LED bits are written with a '''Listen Register 2''' command. | ||
* Changing the Device Handler ID in register 3 from '''$0002 to $0003''' makes the keyboard emit distinct transition codes for the '''right-hand Option and Control keys''' — those two keys, not all four modifier pairs. The change is made with a Listen Register 3 command. | |||
* | |||
= | Apple's chapter describes the Extended Keyboard's function keys precisely: '''twelve of them (F1–F12) have no default definition; nine others do.'''<ref name="gmfh" /> | ||
== | == Maintenance and Repair == | ||
=== Dead or intermittent key === | |||
# Test on a known-good ADB machine first — a blown ADB fuse on the computer looks identical to a dead keyboard. | |||
# Try a different ADB cable and the other ADB port on the keyboard. | |||
# Remove the keycap, flood the switch with 90%+ isopropyl alcohol, actuate repeatedly, dry completely. | |||
# If that fails the switch has to come out; SKCM switches open at four retention tabs and the leaf contacts are the usual fault. | |||
''' | === Caps Lock will not latch === | ||
The Caps Lock position needs an '''Alps SKCL Lock''', not an SKCM.<ref name="dt" /> An SKCM will fit and will type, but will not latch. Donor boards are the only source. | |||
=== | === Lock LEDs === | ||
The three lock LEDs are driven by the '''host''', through Listen Register 2 — not by the keyboard on its own.<ref name="gmfh" /> A lock LED that never lights is therefore just as likely to be a software or host problem as a dead LED. Test with a system known to drive them before unsoldering anything. | |||
''' | === Nothing at all === | ||
* | * Measure '''+5 V at pin 3 against pin 4''' of the computer's ADB port. | ||
* | * Pin 1 should idle high, pulled up through '''470 Ω''' on the computer's logic board.<ref name="gmfh" /> | ||
* Apple recommends no more than '''three devices''' daisy-chained on one ADB port, no more than '''5 m''' of cable, and a total bus draw under '''500 mA'''.<ref name="gmfh" /> | |||
''' | === What is not a fault === | ||
* | * '''Only two keys register at once''' — that is the register-0 format.<ref name="gmfh" /> | ||
* | * '''F1–F12 do nothing''' in most software — Apple assigned them no default meaning.<ref name="gmfh" /> | ||
* '''The keyboard does not tilt''' — the M0115 has no adjustable foot at all.<ref name="dt" /> | |||
== | == Restoration == | ||
= | ABS case and space bar yellow; PBT keycaps largely do not.<ref name="dt" /> Treat the case and space bar as one job, leave the PBT alone, and see [[Retrobrite]] first. | ||
Apple published no dimensions, weight, power consumption, PCB revision history or production figures for this keyboard that could be found, and none are stated here. | |||
=== | == Modern Use == | ||
ADB-to-USB conversion is the usual route; the power key generally needs remapping because it is a hardware line rather than a key code. M0115s are also a common donor for switch harvesting, which is steadily reducing the number of intact examples — worth weighing before stripping one. | |||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Apple Extended Keyboard II]] | * [[Apple Extended Keyboard II]] | ||
* [[Apple Keyboard (M0116 | * [[Apple Keyboard (M0116)]] | ||
* [[Apple Desktop Bus]] | * [[Apple Desktop Bus]] | ||
* [[Macintosh II]] | * [[Macintosh II]] | ||
{{Navbox-AppleVintageAccessories}} | == References == | ||
<references /> | |||
{{Navbox-AppleVintageAccessories|state=collapsed}} | |||
[[Category:Apple Vintage Accessories]] | [[Category:Apple Vintage Accessories]] | ||
[[Category:Apple Desktop Bus]] | [[Category:Apple Desktop Bus]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:04, 23 September 2026
| Apple Extended Keyboard | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Apple Extended Keyboard M0115 | |
| Manufacturer | Apple Computer, Inc. (Alps Electric) |
| Type | Computer keyboard |
| Discontinued | 1990 |
| Price | US$229 (1987) |
| Interface | Apple Desktop Bus |
| Compatible | All ADB-equipped Macs, Apple IIGS |
| Successor | Apple Extended Keyboard II (M3501/M0312) |
| Model | M0115, M0115B, M0115D, M0115J |
The Apple Extended Keyboard (model M0115) was Apple's first full-size keyboard, with a function-key row and an inverted-T navigation cluster.[1] It was introduced in 1987 alongside the Macintosh II and Macintosh SE; neither machine shipped with a keyboard, so buyers chose between the cheaper Apple Standard Keyboard and this one.[1] Deskthority gives the production span as 1987–1990 and the 1987 price as US$229.[1] It was succeeded by the Apple Extended Keyboard II in 1990.
Note on this page's title. This article is filed under "Apple Keyboard" but describes the Apple Extended Keyboard, M0115. The keyboard Apple itself called the "Apple Keyboard" or "Apple Standard Keyboard" is the M0116, which has its own page at Apple Keyboard (M0116).
Design
[edit | edit source]Case and construction
[edit | edit source]The case is ABS; the space bar is also ABS, while the remaining keycaps are PBT. Deskthority infers this from yellowing behaviour rather than from a published specification.[1] There is no adjustment for the angle of the keyboard on the desk — the tilt is fixed, a point on which the Extended Keyboard II differed.[1]
Two cylindrical posts flank the function-key row, for holding a printed function-key overlay. Software of the period shipped cardboard or plastic templates that slipped over them.
The case screws are unusual in being replaceable with a commodity part: Deskthority reports #6 3/8 in. Phillips pan-head screws of about 1.3 mm thread pitch as a working substitute.[1] That is worth knowing, because the originals are routinely lost.
Ports
[edit | edit source]Two bidirectional ADB ports sit under the top left and right corners. Either can face the computer; the other normally takes the mouse.[1]
Switches
[edit | edit source]Main keys are Alps SKCM Orange or Alps SKCM Salmon; Caps Lock is an Alps SKCL Lock latching switch.[1] Deskthority lists the M0115 among the keyboards that mostly carry Orange, and dates SKCM Orange to roughly 1987–1991.[2] Both are tactile and non-clicking.
Orange Alps itself comes in identifiable sub-variants, distinguished by switchplate colour and length and by whether the Alps logo is moulded into the top shell.[2] Examples in M0115s have been photographed both with and without the logo.
No Alps figures for actuation force, pre-travel, total travel or rated lifetime could be traced. The widely quoted "70 g ± 10 g / 2.0 mm / 3.5 mm / 10–15 million actuations" is not reproduced by any source consulted here and is not stated on this page.
Stabilisers
[edit | edit source]Two different space-bar stabiliser arrangements have been observed across production.[1] If you are sourcing a replacement space bar or stabiliser wire from a donor, check that it matches the board you are fitting it to rather than assuming.
Keycaps
[edit | edit source]Dye-sublimated PBT, except the ABS space bar, with legends in italic type in Apple's own keycap profile — a profile that does not correspond to Cherry or OEM.[1] The profile matters if you are considering replacements: nothing off the shelf will sit correctly.
Variants
[edit | edit source]| Model | Difference |
|---|---|
| M0115 | Base model, 105-key ANSI Macintosh layout |
| M0115B | UK. Same layout, but the 3 key carries £ instead of #, and the rear label reads "Assembled in Ireland" |
| M0115D | German. Notable for symbol-only legends on the function keys rather than words |
| M0115J | Japanese legends, same layout |
The FCC ID is BCG5K5M0115.[1]
ADB Behaviour
[edit | edit source]The Extended Keyboard is an ADB encoded device at default address $02.[3] Apple's published register definitions:[3]
- Register 0 holds two key events in 16 bits: bit 15 key status for the first key (0 = down), bits 14–8 its 7-bit key code, bit 7 key status for the second key, bits 6–0 its code.
- Register 2 carries the modifier keys — Delete (bit 14), Caps Lock (13), Reset (12), Control (11), Shift (10), Option (9), Command (8) — and, unlike the Standard Keyboard, also Num Lock/Clear (bit 7), Scroll Lock (bit 6) and the three lock LEDs: LED 3 Scroll Lock (bit 2), LED 2 Caps Lock (bit 1), LED 1 Num Lock (bit 0). A zero means a key is down or an LED is on. The LED bits are written with a Listen Register 2 command.
- Changing the Device Handler ID in register 3 from $0002 to $0003 makes the keyboard emit distinct transition codes for the right-hand Option and Control keys — those two keys, not all four modifier pairs. The change is made with a Listen Register 3 command.
Apple's chapter describes the Extended Keyboard's function keys precisely: twelve of them (F1–F12) have no default definition; nine others do.[3]
Maintenance and Repair
[edit | edit source]Dead or intermittent key
[edit | edit source]- Test on a known-good ADB machine first — a blown ADB fuse on the computer looks identical to a dead keyboard.
- Try a different ADB cable and the other ADB port on the keyboard.
- Remove the keycap, flood the switch with 90%+ isopropyl alcohol, actuate repeatedly, dry completely.
- If that fails the switch has to come out; SKCM switches open at four retention tabs and the leaf contacts are the usual fault.
Caps Lock will not latch
[edit | edit source]The Caps Lock position needs an Alps SKCL Lock, not an SKCM.[1] An SKCM will fit and will type, but will not latch. Donor boards are the only source.
Lock LEDs
[edit | edit source]The three lock LEDs are driven by the host, through Listen Register 2 — not by the keyboard on its own.[3] A lock LED that never lights is therefore just as likely to be a software or host problem as a dead LED. Test with a system known to drive them before unsoldering anything.
Nothing at all
[edit | edit source]- Measure +5 V at pin 3 against pin 4 of the computer's ADB port.
- Pin 1 should idle high, pulled up through 470 Ω on the computer's logic board.[3]
- Apple recommends no more than three devices daisy-chained on one ADB port, no more than 5 m of cable, and a total bus draw under 500 mA.[3]
What is not a fault
[edit | edit source]- Only two keys register at once — that is the register-0 format.[3]
- F1–F12 do nothing in most software — Apple assigned them no default meaning.[3]
- The keyboard does not tilt — the M0115 has no adjustable foot at all.[1]
Restoration
[edit | edit source]ABS case and space bar yellow; PBT keycaps largely do not.[1] Treat the case and space bar as one job, leave the PBT alone, and see Retrobrite first.
Apple published no dimensions, weight, power consumption, PCB revision history or production figures for this keyboard that could be found, and none are stated here.
Modern Use
[edit | edit source]ADB-to-USB conversion is the usual route; the power key generally needs remapping because it is a hardware line rather than a key code. M0115s are also a common donor for switch harvesting, which is steadily reducing the number of intact examples — worth weighing before stripping one.
See Also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 "Apple Extended Keyboard", Deskthority wiki. Model M0115; FCC ID BCG5K5M0115; 105-key ANSI Macintosh layout; Alps SKCM Orange, Alps SKCM Salmon and Alps SKCL Lock switches, plate mount; years of production 1987–1990; price $229 USD (1987); ABS case and space bar with PBT for the remaining keycaps; dye-sublimated legends in italic in Apple’s own keycap profile; two bidirectional ADB ports under the top left and right corners; no keyboard-angle adjustment; case screws replaceable with #6 3/8 in. Phillips pan-head screws of about 1.3 mm pitch; two different space-bar stabiliser arrangements; and the M0115B (UK, £ on the 3 key, "Assembled in Ireland"), M0115D (German, symbol-only function-key legends) and M0115J (Japanese) variants. Community wiki, cited as a secondary source, photograph-backed; Deskthority marks this article as a stub.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Alps SKCM Orange", Deskthority wiki. Tactile metal-leaf switch in the Alps SKCL/SKCM series, Alps keycap mount, plate mount; introduced ca. 1987, discontinued ca. 1991; supersedes Alps SKCM Cream and precedes Alps SKCM Salmon; listed as fitted to most Apple Extended Keyboards (M0115). Known variants differ in switchplate colour and length and in whether the Alps logo is moulded on top. Deskthority reproduces no Alps actuation-force or lifetime figure.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware, second edition, Apple Computer, Inc. / Addison-Wesley, 1990 — hosted on this wiki as File:Apple Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware 2nd Edition 1990.pdf. Chapter 8, "Apple Desktop Bus": Table 8-1 connector signal assignments (470 Ω pull-up, POWER.ON on pin 2); Table 8-2 transceiver electrical characteristics; Table 8-4 register 0 in the Apple Standard Mouse and its note on 100 ±10 / 200 ±10 counts per inch; Tables 8-7 and 8-8 registers 0 and 2 in the Apple Standard Keyboard; Tables 8-10 and 8-11 registers 0 and 2 in the Apple Extended Keyboard and the $0002 → $0003 Device Handler ID change for right-hand Option and Control; Table 8-13 command byte syntax; Table 8-14 the full ADB timing specification; Table 8-15 device register 3; Table 8-16 device addresses; Table 8-17 reserved Device Handler IDs; the 500 mA total bus limit, the 5 m / 100 pF-per-metre cable limits, the 11 ms idle polling interval and the warning against unplugging a device while the computer is running. Chapter 9, "Floppy Disk Interfaces": Table 9-1 drive capacities, file systems and encoding; the IWM and SWIM interface ICs; internal 20-pin and external DB-19 pinouts; drive current requirements; and the PWM motor-speed line used only by 400K single-sided drives.