Atari 1040STF: Difference between revisions
Soften an inference about boot ROMs on the 1040 to what the sources actually support |
Soften an inference about boot ROMs on the 1040 to what the sources actually support |
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RAM is '''256 kbit x 1''' DRAM. A 520 has one bank of 16; the 1040 has a second bank of 16, 32 devices in total, mapped as 000800–07FFFF for the low bank and 080000–0FFFFF for the high bank.<ref name="fsm" /> A 1040STF that reports 512 KB has lost bank 1 — Atari's memory controller sizes each bank independently at power-up and simply does not count one that fails.<ref name="ehs" /> | RAM is '''256 kbit x 1''' DRAM. A 520 has one bank of 16; the 1040 has a second bank of 16, 32 devices in total, mapped as 000800–07FFFF for the low bank and 080000–0FFFFF for the high bank.<ref name="fsm" /> A 1040STF that reports 512 KB has lost bank 1 — Atari's memory controller sizes each bank independently at power-up and simply does not count one that fails.<ref name="ehs" /> | ||
The TOS ROMs are six 32k x 8 devices in three address-paired positions: U4/U7 at FC0000, U3/U6 at FD0000 and U2/U5 at FE0000. Early 520STs carried two 8k x 8 boot ROMs instead and loaded TOS from floppy.<ref name="fsm" /> The 1040STF went on sale in March 1986 | The TOS ROMs are six 32k x 8 devices in three address-paired positions: U4/U7 at FC0000, U3/U6 at FD0000 and U2/U5 at FE0000. Early 520STs carried two 8k x 8 boot ROMs instead and loaded TOS from floppy.<ref name="fsm" /> The 1040STF went on sale in March 1986 and ROM TOS was the standard fit across the range by then.<ref name="acm1040" /> | ||
== Power supply == | == Power supply == | ||
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<ref name="fsm">Atari Corporation, ''520ST / 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual'', part number CO26118-002 Rev B (3.6), January 1987: section 1 for the 1040STF designation, the case, the internal supply rating, the 2 A fuse and the 4.75–5.25 V adjustment; section 2 "Main Memory" for the 256 kbit x 1 DRAM organisation, the bank map and the ROM positions U2–U7; section 4 for the disassembly screw counts; section 8 for the Atari (Japan) power supply drawing. Hosted here as [[:File:Atari 520ST and 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual.pdf]].</ref> | <ref name="fsm">Atari Corporation, ''520ST / 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual'', part number CO26118-002 Rev B (3.6), January 1987: section 1 for the 1040STF designation, the case, the internal supply rating, the 2 A fuse and the 4.75–5.25 V adjustment; section 2 "Main Memory" for the 256 kbit x 1 DRAM organisation, the bank map and the ROM positions U2–U7; section 4 for the disassembly screw counts; section 8 for the Atari (Japan) power supply drawing. Hosted here as [[:File:Atari 520ST and 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual.pdf]].</ref> | ||
<ref name="ehs">Atari Corporation, ''Engineering Hardware Specification of the Atari ST Computer System'', 7 January 1986, section 2.2, Memory Configuration Register and the per-bank shadow-test sizing algorithm. Hosted here as [[:File:Atari ST Engineering Hardware Specification.pdf]].</ref> | <ref name="ehs">Atari Corporation, ''Engineering Hardware Specification of the Atari ST Computer System'', 7 January 1986, section 2.2, Memory Configuration Register and the per-bank shadow-test sizing algorithm. Hosted here as [[:File:Atari ST Engineering Hardware Specification.pdf]].</ref> | ||
<ref name="acm1040">''Atari 1040ST'', atari-computermuseum.de. Secondary source, used here for the 1040ST<sup>F</sup> first showing on 9 January 1986, retail availability from 1 March 1986, the 1989 end of production, the US$999 / US$1,199 monitor bundle prices and their January 1987 reductions, the "world's first with 1 MB as standard" claim, and the C070523 / C070789 / C103088 board numbers. https://www.atari-computermuseum.de/1040st.htm</ref> | <ref name="acm1040">''Atari 1040ST'', atari-computermuseum.de. Secondary source, used here for the 1040ST<sup>F</sup> first showing on 9 January 1986, retail availability from 1 March 1986, the 1989 end of production, the US$999 / US$1,199 monitor bundle prices and their January 1987 reductions, the "world's first with 1 MB as standard" claim, the point that ROM TOS was standard across the ST range by early 1986, and the C070523 / C070789 / C103088 board numbers. https://www.atari-computermuseum.de/1040st.htm</ref> | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
Latest revision as of 21:55, 23 September 2026
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| The 1040STF — 1 MB, internal double-sided drive, internal supply, no modulator | |
| Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Atari Corporation |
| Type | Home computer / personal computer |
| Released | Shown 9 January 1986 (Winter CES); on sale 1 March 1986 |
| Discontinued | 1989 |
| Intro price | US$999 with the SM124 monochrome monitor; US$1,199 with the SC1224 colour monitor (March 1986) |
| CPU | Motorola MC68000 @ 8 MHz |
| Memory | 1 MB — 32 x 256 kbit x 1 DRAM in two banks |
| Storage | Internal 3.5-inch double-sided 720 KB drive; external drive on the 14-pin DIN; external ACSI hard disks |
| Display | 320x200 (16 colours), 640x200 (4 colours), 640x400 mono — monitor only, no modulator |
| Sound | Yamaha YM-2149 PSG, three voices plus noise |
| ROM | 192 KB ROM TOS (six 32k x 8 devices at U2–U7) |
| Power | Internal switching supply, +5 V and +12 V only, 2 A fuse |
| OS / Firmware | Atari TOS 1.00 / 1.02 / 1.04 |
| Predecessor | Atari 520ST |
| Successor | Atari 1040STE |
The Atari 1040STF is the long-case ST with 1 MB of RAM, an internal double-sided floppy drive and an internal power supply. Atari's own service manual explains the name: "The 1040ST has a built in 1 Megabyte floppy disk drive, hence the full designation is 1040STF (floppy)."[1] It has no modulator and so needs a monitor — an SM124 for the monochrome mode or an SC1224 for colour. The modulator version is the 1040STFM.
It was first shown at the Winter CES on 9 January 1986 and went on sale on 1 March 1986 alongside the 512 KB 520STF.[2] Production ended in 1989 when the STE arrived.[2]
The 1 MB claim
[edit | edit source]The 1040STF is widely described as the first computer sold with 1 MB of RAM as standard, and as the first to sell for under a dollar a kilobyte. The first of those is the claim made for it at the time and repeated by the German Atari museum.[2] The second depends on which bundle you count and is worth treating as marketing rather than fact.
The launch prices are frequently reported the wrong way round. In March 1986 the 1040STF was US$999 with the monochrome SM124 and US$1,199 with the colour SC1224; both fell by US$100 in January 1987.[2]
What "1 MB" is made of
[edit | edit source]RAM is 256 kbit x 1 DRAM. A 520 has one bank of 16; the 1040 has a second bank of 16, 32 devices in total, mapped as 000800–07FFFF for the low bank and 080000–0FFFFF for the high bank.[1] A 1040STF that reports 512 KB has lost bank 1 — Atari's memory controller sizes each bank independently at power-up and simply does not count one that fails.[3]
The TOS ROMs are six 32k x 8 devices in three address-paired positions: U4/U7 at FC0000, U3/U6 at FD0000 and U2/U5 at FE0000. Early 520STs carried two 8k x 8 boot ROMs instead and loaded TOS from floppy.[1] The 1040STF went on sale in March 1986 and ROM TOS was the standard fit across the range by then.[2]
Power supply
[edit | edit source]The internal switching supply provides +5 V (1.5–3 A) and +12 V (to about 1 A) and nothing else — there is no -12 V output.[1] It has a 2 A fuse and a single preset, RV301, which sets both rails together; Atari's instruction is to adjust to within 5 %, 4.75–5.25 V. Typical demand is 2.2 A at 5 V and 160 mA at +12 V, rising to 2.3 A and 340 mA during disk access.[1] The full rail table is on Atari 520STFM, which uses the same supply.
The supply is mains-powered and its primary side stores charge after the machine is unplugged. Discharge the primary reservoir before working on it.
Board revisions
[edit | edit source]Three main-board part numbers are recorded for the 1040STF, in production order; the 520STF uses the same boards with half the RAM fitted:[2]
- C070523 — early production
- C070789 — shared with the STFM models
- C103088 — later production
Servicing
[edit | edit source]- Atari ST General Maintenance — disassembly, Atari's clock distribution figures, symptom checklist
- Atari ST Troubleshooting Guide
- Atari ST Capacitor Replacement Guide
- Atari 520ST and 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual — Atari's own manual, hosted here
- Floppy Drive Repair
Atari's disassembly sequence for this case is seven screws in the square holes to free the top case, plus three longer screws in the round holes which hold the disk drive. The keyboard harness plugs into the right front corner. The power supply and drive both sit in the base, not in the top case.[1]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Atari Corporation, 520ST / 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual, part number CO26118-002 Rev B (3.6), January 1987: section 1 for the 1040STF designation, the case, the internal supply rating, the 2 A fuse and the 4.75–5.25 V adjustment; section 2 "Main Memory" for the 256 kbit x 1 DRAM organisation, the bank map and the ROM positions U2–U7; section 4 for the disassembly screw counts; section 8 for the Atari (Japan) power supply drawing. Hosted here as File:Atari 520ST and 1040ST Computer Field Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Atari 1040ST, atari-computermuseum.de. Secondary source, used here for the 1040STF first showing on 9 January 1986, retail availability from 1 March 1986, the 1989 end of production, the US$999 / US$1,199 monitor bundle prices and their January 1987 reductions, the "world's first with 1 MB as standard" claim, the point that ROM TOS was standard across the ST range by early 1986, and the C070523 / C070789 / C103088 board numbers. https://www.atari-computermuseum.de/1040st.htm
- ↑ Atari Corporation, Engineering Hardware Specification of the Atari ST Computer System, 7 January 1986, section 2.2, Memory Configuration Register and the per-bank shadow-test sizing algorithm. Hosted here as File:Atari ST Engineering Hardware Specification.pdf.