IBM PS/2 Model 60 Troubleshooting Guide
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Fault-finding on the IBM PS/2 Model 60 (machine type 8560: the 041 with a 44 MB ST-506 fixed disk and the 071 with a 70 MB ESDI fixed disk) follows IBM's Micro Channel checkout procedure and symptom-to-FRU index in the October 1994 PS/2 Hardware Maintenance Manual (HMM), the same procedure as the IBM PS/2 Model 50.[1] The full list of numeric error codes, with IBM's FRU order, is in the Model 50 troubleshooting guide. Test points, the battery test and cleaning are in the IBM PS/2 Model 60 Maintenance Guide.
Before you start
[edit | edit source]- Power off the computer and all external devices, check every cable and power cord, remove any diskettes, then power on the external devices and the computer. A good start gives one or two short beeps and then readable instructions or the main menu. If an error code appears, press Pause and write it down before pressing F1.[1]
- In IBM's FRU lists the most likely cause comes first. If several codes appear, diagnose them in the order they appear; the later ones may be false.[1]
- The Model 50 and Model 60 share one Reference Diskette.[2] Start it with the diskette in drive A at power-on; a warm boot can give false errors and a false indication that a power-on password is set. Run Advanced Diagnostics (Ctrl+A at the main menu) before replacing parts.[3][1]
- Where an adapter is made of more than one FRU, remove or exchange the parts one at a time before replacing the adapter.[1]
- IBM says PS/2 systems do not need external surge suppressors, and that a defective one can cause intermittent failures; take it out of circuit when a fault cannot be found.[1]
POST beep codes
[edit | edit source]| Beeps | FRU / action, most likely first |
|---|---|
| One or two short beeps with readable instructions or the main menu | Normal |
| One long and one short | Display adapter (the system-board VGA unless a video adapter is fitted), system board, video memory, bus adapter, power supply |
| One long and two short | Display adapter, video memory, system board, adapter video memory, bus adapter, power supply |
| One long and three short | Display adapter, video memory, system board |
| One or two beeps with a blank or unreadable display, or a blinking cursor | Display adapter, video memory, system board, adapter video memory, display, bus adapter |
| Continuous beep | System board, power supply |
| Continuous beep and a blank display | Display adapter, video memory, system board |
| Repeating short beeps | Check the keyboard for a stuck key; then system board |
Error codes seen on the Model 60
[edit | edit source]| Code | IBM's note | FRU / action |
|---|---|---|
| 161 | Battery | Battery, system board, bus adapter |
| 162 | Be sure all devices are powered on; check the Enable/Disable settings. If the configuration has changed, run Automatic Configuration | Any device, battery |
| 163 | Date and time error | Set the date and time |
| 164, 165, 167 | If setting the configuration, date and time does not cure it, check the devices list | Set configuration and features; system board |
| 173 | Possibly a weak battery | Set configuration and features |
| 201 to 205 | Reseat the system board memory | System board memory, system board |
| 305 | Keyboard voltage error | Fuse, keyboard cable |
| 601 | Diskette, diskette drive, system board | |
| Most other 6xx | Generally media errors; try a known-good diskette, and replace the drive if the error returns | Diskette, diskette drive, system board |
| 1702 | ST-506 hard disk adapter | |
| 1701, 1703, 1704, 1714 and other 17xx | Hard disk drive, ST-506 cable, ST-506 adapter, system board, power supply | |
| 1780 | Read/write problem | Check the cables first (retain tip H064300); then format the drive, then the drive |
| 10480 | ESDI hard disk drive, drive cable, controller, system board | |
| 10483 | ESDI hard disk adapter, system board | |
| 2401, 2402 | If the screen colours change: the display. If the colours are correct: the system board, then the display |
Sources: IBM's index, with the 1780 cable check from IBM retain tip H064300 for the 8560-041 and 8580-041.[1][4] The Model 60 has a keyboard and mouse fuse on the planar (F1, 3 A 250 V, IBM FRU 72X8561), so a 305 points at it first.[2][1]
Dead system
[edit | edit source]| Symptom | FRU / action, most likely first |
|---|---|
| No beep, power light off, fan not running | Power supply, control/speaker assembly, system board, any device or adapter, bus adapter |
| Power light off, fan not running, computer not working | Power supply, system board |
| Power light off, fan running, computer not working | System board, power supply |
| No beep, fan running, power light on, hangs in POST with no message | System board, any device or adapter, bus adapter |
| No beep, fan running, power light on, hangs in POST with a message | System board, power supply |
| No beep and the computer otherwise works | Control/speaker assembly, system board |
| Memory count hangs during POST | System board memory, memory option if fitted, system board, processor |
| Supply seems to fail at power-on, but disconnecting the optional hard disks cures it | Remove the motor-start jumper from one or more option drives |
On the Model 60 the speaker is part of the battery and speaker assembly, and the green light on the front shows that the supply is operating.[5][6] The supply fan is in the supply; Ardent Tool's copy of IBM's test says to replace the supply if its voltages are wrong or its fan is not running.[7]
The procedure Ardent Tool reproduces for a machine with no POST, a blank screen and no beep:[3]
- Check the line cord at both ends. Loose or badly seated line cords cause intermittent faults that are very hard to find, including unexpected resets. Take the cord out of the wall before re-forming any contacts, and replace the cord if in doubt.
- Remove all adapters, options and extra memory.
- Remove all external connections: keyboard, mouse and display.
- Power on and listen for a beep, which means POST has run.
- If there is no beep, check the speaker for continuity. If it is good, replace the system board memory and try again. If there is still no beep, measure the supply voltages: if they are right, replace the system board; if not, replace the supply.
- If there is a beep, refit the adapters one at a time. The item fitted just before the beep stops is the suspect.
Ardent Tool gives the usual cause as a device shorting the supply, such as a memory module in backwards or a defective adapter, and says the system board must return Power Good to the supply within 150 ms or the supply shuts down.[3] If the voltages are correct and the fault is still not found, IBM's last procedure is to remove parts one at a time, powering on and reconfiguring each time, until only the minimum remains (1 MB of memory on a Micro Channel machine), then suspect the system board.[1]
Power supply
[edit | edit source]The Model 60's Type 2 supply has three outputs: +5 V, +12 V and −12 V.[6] IBM's test limits at the 15-pin connector and the drive connectors are in the maintenance guide.
- A short on an output, an overcurrent or an overvoltage shuts the supply down. It restarts only after the fault is gone and the power switch has been off for at least ten seconds.[6][1]
- If any output falls below its regulation range, Power Good drops and the system stops. The green light on the front shows that the supply is operating.[1][6]
- A machine that fails at power-on only with several hard disks fitted is overloading the supply at spin-up; IBM's action is to remove the motor-start jumper from one or more option drives.[1]
- Intermittent failures: IBM lists the power supply first, then the supply fan, then any device or adapter.[1]
- Peter Wendt reports that half of the Model 80 supplies, which are the same family, failed with a broken power switch.[7]
The 225 W supply 72X6665 latches off on overvoltage and removes Power Good on undervoltage; its schematic and capacitor list are in the IBM PS/2 Model 60 Capacitor Replacement Guide.[8]
Configuration and battery errors
[edit | edit source]The Model 60's clock is a Motorola MC146818A soldered to the planar, kept running by a 6 V lithium battery (IBM part 72X8498) in the battery and speaker assembly (33F5950). It has no Dallas clock module.[2][9][1]
- 161, 162 and 163 together, or intermittently: IBM retain tip H024809 names low battery voltage or a faulty battery and speaker assembly, and says to replace the battery below 5.5 V DC measured out of the assembly.[4]
- A clock that stands still while the machine is off, with no 161 or 163 yet, is the battery near the end of its life.[4]
- Lost configuration, a wrong clock or disk errors that a new battery does not cure: clean the dust off the planar under the supply fan.[4]
- A machine that loses only part of its setup probably does not have a battery fault; Ardent Tool's note is that a weak battery loses all of it.[3]
- The clock is interrupt-driven and drifts with interrupt activity. If the date and time are right in Set Features, a clock that seems to lose time is a software problem.[1]
- 162 or 165 after an adapter was added, removed or moved: run Automatic Configuration from the Reference Diskette. If the adapter is missing from the devices list, copy its files from its option diskette with Copy an option diskette.[1] Note customised settings with View configuration first, because Automatic Configuration can change them.[1]
The replacement procedure and the power-on password override are in the maintenance guide.
Fixed disk
[edit | edit source]- 1780 on an 8560-041: check that the fixed-disk cables are fitted as IBM shows them (H064300).[4] The drive connects to its adapter through a control cable and a signal cable, and takes power from a 4-pin lead.[1]
- Other 17xx codes on the 041: IBM's list for the read/write group is to check that the drive type is supported, try a low-level format, and replace the drive if the error continues.[1]
- 104xx codes on the 071: most send you to Advanced Diagnostics first; 10480 points at the drive, cable, controller and system board, and 10483 at the ESDI adapter, then the system board. The full table is in the Model 50 guide.[1]
- A drive that will not spin up after storage has stuck heads. Peter Wendt's remedies are a few power cycles, or unplugging the system unit, shaking it up and down and turning it sharply clockwise, then powering on; never lift the front and drop it. Copy the data off as soon as it starts.[10]
- Hard disk light stays on: the drive, then the system board.[1]
- The operating system does not start, or the machine starts in BASIC: IBM's FRU is the default hard disk drive.[1]
Diskette drive
[edit | edit source]- 6xx errors: try a known-good diskette first; IBM treats most of the range as media errors.[1]
- 6xx errors that stay with the machine when the drive is swapped: the diskette controller on the planar sits under the supply fan and collects dirt that leaks current between its pins. Clean it before replacing the drive.[11]
- 162 caused by the drive: during POST the heads are stepped away from track 0 and back within a set time. A sticking head carriage, a dirty track-0 sensor or a loose head cushion makes the drive miss it, and it is dropped from the configuration.[11]
- Drive reads nothing, or errors get worse as it warms: the surface-mount electrolytics on the drive board. See the IBM PS/2 Model 60 Capacitor Replacement Guide.[4]
- Diskette light stays on: the diskette drive.[1]
- The Reference Diskette does not start: diskette drive, system board, diskette drive cable, then the Reference Diskette itself.[1]
Memory
[edit | edit source]IBM's procedure for the Models 50, 55, 60, 65, 70 and 80 is to run the memory test, then exchange memory kits one at a time with a known-good kit until the fault moves; if the kits are good, suspect the memory expansion adapter, then the system board. The 2xx code does not identify a socket on these models.[1] The planar holds four 30-pin 256 KB modules (FRU 61X8906) that run with one wait state; memory above 1 MB is on Micro Channel adapters such as the 80286 Memory Expansion Option.[9][1]
| Code | IBM's note | FRU / action |
|---|---|---|
| 201 to 205 | Reseat system board memory | System board memory, system board |
| 214, 215, 216, 221, 226, 235, 240, 241 | Check memory: wrong type or wrong slot | System board memory, system board, bus adapter |
| 225 | Check memory: wrong type or wrong speed | System board memory, system board, bus adapter |
| 251 | Memory location changed on the memory expansion option | Information only |
Common symptoms
[edit | edit source]| Symptom | Probable cause | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Click at power-on, then nothing | Supply shut down on a short or overload | Dead system procedure |
| Dead after years in storage, fan and light off | Supply, power switch | Check the mains lead and voltages; see the maintenance guide[7] |
| 161 at every start | Battery | Test 72X8498 out of the assembly; replace below 5.5 V[4] |
| Configuration and clock lost, disk errors, new battery no help | Conductive dust under the supply fan | Clean the planar[4] |
| 1780 on an 8560-041 | Fixed-disk cables | Refit the cables as IBM shows them[4] |
| Fails at power-on with two hard disks fitted | Spin-up load | Remove the motor-start jumper from the option drive[1] |
| Unexpected resets during use | Line cord loose at either end, then the supply | Reseat or replace the cord[3] |
| Crackling from a switched-off supply | Power switch, mains filter or a loose mains lead | See the maintenance guide[7] |
| Two graphics adapters fitted, both dead | Both drive VGA signals | Ardent Tool warns that this damages both adapters[4] |
Related pages
[edit | edit source]- IBM PS/2 Model 60
- IBM PS/2 Model 60 Maintenance Guide
- IBM PS/2 Model 60 Capacitor Replacement Guide
- IBM PS/2 Model 50 Troubleshooting Guide
- IBM PS/2 Model 80 Troubleshooting Guide
- IBM Personal System 2 Hardware Maintenance Manual (S52G-9971-02, October 1994)
- Capacitor Failure Symptoms
- Recommended Tools
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 IBM, IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Maintenance Manual, S52G-9971-02, October 1994. Hosted on this wiki as IBM Personal System 2 Hardware Maintenance Manual (S52G-9971-02, October 1994) (PDF). General Checkout (Micro Channel), pp. 19–25; no-beep symptoms, pp. 27–28; beep symptoms, p. 29; miscellaneous symptoms, pp. 30–32; numeric codes, pp. 33–48; combined FRUs, p. 108; how to use the index, p. 114; memory problems, p. 125; real-time clock problems and Automatic Configuration, p. 150; undetermined problems, p. 183; Models 60, 65 and 80 parts, pp. 252–253; power-supply features and surge protection, pp. 422–424.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "8560 Planar". Planar FRU 72X8538: F1 3 A 250 V keyboard and mouse fuse, ZM6 MC146818A clock, J14 battery and speaker connector; Model 50/60 Reference Disk v1.08.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "PS/2 Error Codes", content collected by Louis F. Ohland, Peter H. Wendt and others, maintained by Tomáš Slavotínek. IBM's notes on cold-booting the Reference Diskette and on Advanced Diagnostics; the dead-system procedure, the line-cord note and the 150 ms Power Good requirement; the note on partial loss of setup.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "60, 65 SX, and 80 – Common Devices". IBM retain tips H064300 (1780 on the 8560-041 and 8580-041) and H024809 (low battery voltage, 161, 162 and 163; replace 72X8498 below 5.5 V DC); Alfred Arnold on the clock stopping first; dust under the supply fan; Mitsubishi drive capacitors causing 6xx errors; the VGA warning.
- ↑ Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "Battery/Speaker Assembly". Models 50, 50 Z, 60, 65 SX, 70 and 80: assembly FRU 33F5950, battery 72X8498; the power-on password override.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 IBM, IBM Personal System/2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference, May 1988. Hosted on this wiki as File:IBM PS2 Hardware Interface Technical Reference May88.pdf. "Power Supply (Types 1 and 2)", pp. 1–5 (PDF pp. 578–582): three outputs, output protection and the ten-second restart, green and yellow front LEDs.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "60, 65 SX, and 80 – Power Supply". IBM's test-voltage table and the instruction to replace the supply if the voltages are wrong or the fan is not running; Peter Wendt on power-switch failures and crackling noises.
- ↑ Eric Schlaepfer ("Tube Time"), IBM PS/2 Model 80 Power Supply reverse-engineered schematic, IBM P/N 72X6665, PEC 3978, 2024, CC BY-SA 4.0. Hosted on this wiki as File:IBM PS2 225W Power Supply 72X6665 Reverse-Engineered Schematic (Tube Time 2024).pdf; design notes at github.com/schlae/ps2-80-power.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 IBM, IBM Personal System/2 Model 60 Technical Reference, May 1988. Hosted on this wiki as IBM PS2 Model 60 Technical Reference (May 1988) (PDF). RAM subsystem, p. 3-7; RT/CMOS RAM and the 6 V lithium battery, p. 3-10.
- ↑ Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "Known Problems – Experience, RETAIN Tips, ECAs". Peter Wendt, "Hard-Drive Doesn't Spin up – 'Stiction' Issue".
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Ardent Tool of Capitalism, "8580 Diskette Drives", content by Fred Spencer and Al Savage. The diskette controller dirt problem; Peter Wendt on the causes of a 162 from the drive.