Apple PowerBook cables
| Apple PowerBook cables | |
|---|---|
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|
| A PowerBook 165 with a video adapter cable (right) and a third-party HDI-30 adapter (left) | |
| Manufacturer | Apple Computer |
| Type | SCSI and video cables |
| Interface | HDI-30 SCSI; VID-14 video |
| Compatible | PowerBook 100 and later PowerBooks with an HDI-30 SCSI port or VID-14 video port |
| Model | M2538LL/A, M2539LL/A, M3927LL/A |
| Part number | 590-0717-A, 590-0718-A, 590-0831-A |
Apple's PowerBook cables were three cables for the SCSI and video ports on its PowerBooks: the Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable, the Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter and the Macintosh PowerBook Video Adapter Cable. Apple's 1996 cable data sheet lists them together under that heading.[1] The SCSI cables were not supplied with the computers and had to be bought separately.[2]
| Cable | Order number | Service part | PowerBook end | Other end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDI-30 SCSI System Cable | M2538LL/A | 590-0717-A | HDI-30, 29 pins | Centronics 50, male |
| HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter | M2539LL/A | 590-0718-A | HDI-30, 30 pins | Centronics 50 (see below) |
| PowerBook Video Adapter Cable | M3927LL/A | 590-0831-A | VID-14, male | DB-15, female |
The order and service part numbers and the connector descriptions are from Apple's 1996 cable identification list.[3]
HDI-30 SCSI port
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The PowerBook's external SCSI connector is the HDI-30, a square socket with 30 pins in five rows of six.[4] It carries the same signals as the DB-25 SCSI port on desktop Macintosh computers, and its throughput is the same.[5] Every PowerBook released up to February 1997 had one except the PowerBook Duo 200 series, which gains a SCSI port only when docked.[4] The PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) still has an HDI-30 port.[6] The PowerBook (FireWire) does the same job as SCSI Disk Mode over FireWire, with Target Disk Mode entered by holding T at startup.[7]
The PowerBook 100 does not supply termination power on pin 5. Its internal drive provides only a single-ended 1.3 kilohm pull-up to +5 V, against the normal 200 ohm to +5 V and 330 ohm to ground on each signal line.[8][9] Apple's support articles give the practical rule: a PowerBook needs extra termination at the end of the SCSI chain, so a single external device needs two terminators, its own and one for the PowerBook.[4] The terminator Apple named for this is M3503LL/A, which the 1996 data sheet lists as the Apple SCSI Active Terminator.[4][1] Several external devices are chained with the Apple SCSI Peripheral Interface Cable (M0207), a Centronics 50 to Centronics 50 cable.[4][1]
| Pin | Signal | Pin | Signal | Pin | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | /SCSI Disk Mode | 11 | /DB4 | 21 | /REQ |
| 2 | /DB0 | 12 | GND | 22 | GND |
| 3 | GND | 13 | GND | 23 | /BSY |
| 4 | /DB1 | 14 | /DB5 | 24 | GND |
| 5 | TERMPWR (not supplied) | 15 | GND | 25 | /ATN |
| 6 | /DB2 | 16 | /DB6 | 26 | /C/D |
| 7 | /DB3 | 17 | GND | 27 | /RST |
| 8 | GND | 18 | /DB7 | 28 | /MSG |
| 9 | /ACK | 19 | /DBP | 29 | /SEL |
| 10 | GND | 20 | GND | 30 | /I/O |
The table is Apple's Table 1-5 for the PowerBook 100.[9] Apple's Figure 1-7 shows pins 1 to 6 on the bottom row and 25 to 30 on the top row. On the PowerBook 140 and PowerBook 170, which have no SCSI Disk Mode, Apple's developer note gives pin 1 as /LINK.SEL and pin 5 as TERMPWR, "not used; reserved for future use".[10]
HDI-30 SCSI System Cable
[edit | edit source]The Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable (M2538LL/A) connects external SCSI devices such as hard disks and CD-ROM drives to a PowerBook. Its HDI-30 plug has 29 pins and its other end is a male Centronics 50.[4][3] Apple's PowerBook G3 Series Service Source lists it under the same order number.[11]
Give each external device a SCSI ID from 1 to 6. ID 7 belongs to the PowerBook and ID 0 to its internal hard disk.[4] Turn every device off before connecting or disconnecting it. At power-up, switch on the external devices first and the PowerBook last; at the end of a session, shut down the PowerBook first.[4] Apple's article on sleep says a SCSI device can be connected while a PowerBook sleeps, but the PowerBook may then need a restart, or a utility such as SCSI Probe, before it sees the device.[12]
HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter
[edit | edit source]The Apple HDI-30 SCSI Disk Adapter (M2539LL/A) puts a PowerBook into SCSI Disk Mode, in which a desktop Macintosh mounts the PowerBook's internal hard disk as an external drive.[8] Its HDI-30 plug has all 30 pins, and Apple says the thirtieth pin is the one that selects SCSI Disk Mode.[13] The PowerBook 100 developer note names pin 1 of the port /SCSI Disk Mode and says the adapter grounds it.[9]
Apple's two support articles describe the far end differently. The 1997 article on SCSI devices calls it a standard Centronics 50 socket connector; the 1996 cable identification list says a male Centronics 50.[4][3] Check the actual cable before buying a gender changer.
Models
[edit | edit source]SCSI Disk Mode is built into the ROM of every PowerBook except the PowerBook 140, 145, 145B, 150 and 170.[13] On the PowerBook 190 and PowerBook 5300 the same function is called HD Target Mode, because those models have IDE hard disks.[13][14] A PowerBook Duo needs the Duo MiniDock as well as the disk adapter. The Duo Dock, Duo Dock II and Duo Dock Plus do not support disk mode.[13]
On the PowerBook G3 Series the host Macintosh must run Mac OS 8.1 or later, or it will see no user files on the PowerBook's disk.[11] The G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) uses SCSI ID 2 for disk mode and the ID cannot be changed. With its NewWorld ROM, the PowerBook's disk must hold a valid system for disk mode to work.[6]
Using SCSI Disk Mode
[edit | edit source]- Set the PowerBook's SCSI ID in the PowerBook control panel (the Portable control panel on the PowerBook 100). The default is 1. Make sure the PowerBook's disk does not have the same name as the desktop machine's disk.[4][8]
- Shut down the PowerBook, the desktop Macintosh and every other device on the chain. The PowerBook must be shut down, not asleep.[8]
- Fit the disk adapter to the PowerBook and a terminator to its other end, then connect it to the desktop's SCSI cable or to the last device on the chain. With a Macintosh IIfx, use the black terminator between the adapter and the SCSI system cable. Leave the terminator out when the host is a Macintosh Plus, a Macintosh SE without an internal hard disk or another PowerBook.[4][8] Apple adds that the terminator may not be needed, and says to remove it and restart both machines if the desktop Macintosh has trouble starting.[4]
- Switch on the PowerBook. A diamond-shaped SCSI symbol with the ID number moves across its screen.[4]
- Switch on the desktop Macintosh. The PowerBook's disk appears on its desktop.[4]
- To finish, shut down the desktop Macintosh, turn off the PowerBook with its power button, turn off any other SCSI devices, and only then disconnect the adapter and the cables.[15]
The ROM checks the battery voltage before it enters disk mode, and it runs the disk-mode code only from a cold start.[8] Do not drag the PowerBook's disk icon to the Trash to unmount it. Apple says this can lock up the host and damage the directory of any mounted disk badly enough to need a reformat.[15]
Faults and things that are not faults
[edit | edit source]| Symptom | Cause | Action |
|---|---|---|
| No diamond symbol when the PowerBook is switched on with the adapter fitted | Wrong cable (the most common cause), or a model without SCSI Disk Mode | Check the plug has 30 pins; check the model list above[4] |
| Diamond symbol appears at startup when only an external drive is connected | The disk adapter is fitted instead of the system cable | Use the 29-pin HDI-30 SCSI System Cable[4] |
| Warning dialog on waking from sleep, menu bar unavailable | Disk adapter connected while the PowerBook slept; two bus masters and two devices at ID 0 | Remove the adapter to dismiss the dialog and save work, or press Reset and Interrupt together, which loses unsaved data[8][12] |
| PowerBook 500 series, 190 or 5300 screen stays blank in disk mode | Normal; Apple puts it down to power draw | Switch on the PowerBook first, then any other SCSI device, then the desktop; the symbol appears[16] |
| PowerBook behaves as if in disk mode at the next restart | Adapter still attached | Remove the adapter[15] |
| G3 Series: no SCSI icon until the host boots, or a crash when the host shuts down | SCSI ID not unique, a bad disk-mode cable or loose connection, or password security turned on | Check each in that order; Apple's last step is to replace the I/O logic board[11] |
The PowerBook 100 User's Manual tells the reader to choose Shut Down from the Special menu after connecting the adapter during sleep. Apple later said this is impossible, because the menu bar is disabled while the warning is showing.[12]
The PowerBook 2400c Service Source prints M5239LL/A for the disk adapter and M0207LL/A for the system cable.[17] Apple's cable list, data sheet and G3 Series Service Source give M2539LL/A and M2538LL/A, and M0207 is the SCSI Peripheral Interface Cable.[3][1][11]
Video adapter cables
[edit | edit source]PowerBook Video Adapter Cable
[edit | edit source]The Macintosh PowerBook Video Adapter Cable (M3927LL/A) converts the small video-out port on the back of a PowerBook to a standard Apple DB-15 monitor connector.[1][3] Apple's developer notes call the PowerBook port VID-14; its Service Sources call it Micro DV-14.[18][19] The port first appeared on the PowerBook 160 and PowerBook 180, which came with the cable.[18][20] The developer note names Hosiden part CMP1220-010100 as one source of the adapter cable.[18]
Later models with the same port:
- PowerBook 520 and PowerBook 540: the same VID-14 port. Apple included the cable with some earlier models and sold it separately under M3927LL/A.[21]
- PowerBook 5300: the same port; the cable was not included.[22]
- PowerBook 190: video out needs the Macintosh PowerBook 8-Bit Color Video-Out Upgrade Kit (M3743LL/A), which includes the cable.[22]
- PowerBook 1400: video out needs the optional video card (M4509LL/A). The 1400's connector faces the opposite way, so the cable plugs in facing downwards.[23][24]
| VID-14 pin | DB-15 pin | Signal | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | RED.VID | Red video |
| 2 | 1 | RED.GND | Red video ground |
| 3 | 4 | SENSE0 | Monitor sense 0 |
| 4 | 12 | /VSYNC | Vertical sync |
| 5 | 3 | /CSYNC | Composite sync |
| 6 | 11 | GND | CSYNC and VSYNC ground |
| 7 | 6 | GRN.GND | Green video ground |
| 8 | 5 | GRN.VID | Green video |
| 9 | 7 | SENSE1 | Monitor sense 1 |
| 10 | 14 | HSYNC.GND | HSYNC ground |
| 11 | 10 | SENSE2 | Monitor sense 2 |
| 12 | 15 | /HSYNC | Horizontal sync |
| 13 | 9 | BLU.VID | Blue video |
| 14 | 13 | BLU.GND | Blue video ground |
| none | 8 | N.C. | Not connected |
| Shell | Shell | SGND | Shield ground |
The wiring is from Apple's article on the 500 series cable.[21]
The PowerBook reads the monitor sense lines at startup and switches the video-out circuit on only if it recognises a monitor; with none attached, the circuit stays off to save power. Connect the monitor and then restart.[25] A VGA or SVGA monitor needs a third-party VGA cable on the DB-15 end, the same type used to connect a Macintosh LC or LC II to a VGA monitor.[20] Apple recommended running the PowerBook from its power adapter whenever an external monitor is in use.[25][20] The 5300 and the 190 with the upgrade kit can drive an external monitor from the battery.[22]
PowerBook Video Adapter (2400c, 3400c and G3)
[edit | edit source]The PowerBook 3400c has a three-row, 15-pin video connector, which Apple's developer note calls a standard DB9/15 connector.[26] The developer note describes an optional adapter, Apple part 590-0289-A, that connects a standard Apple video cable to it. Apple describes it as similar to the older PowerBook adapter but granite in colour. The computer detects it through pin 11, which the adapter connects to VSYNC.[26] The Service Source for the 3400c and the PowerBook G3 describes the port as driving most Apple monitors "with the supplied adapter".[27] The PowerBook 2400c Service Source lists the same part, 590-0289A, as the PowerBook Video Adapter.[17] The PowerBook 2400c user's manual tells owners of Apple monitors with a 15-pin connector to fit the adapter that came with the computer between the monitor cable and the PowerBook.[28]
Related pages
[edit | edit source]- PowerBook 100, PowerBook 160, PowerBook 520, PowerBook 5300, PowerBook 1400, PowerBook 3400c, PowerBook G3 Series
- Apple PowerBook Duo MiniDock
- Apple PowerBook Expansion Bay Modules
- Apple SCSI cables and terminators
- Hard Drive Maintenance and Repair
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Apple Computer, Apple Cable Solutions data sheet, October 1996, L02069A, p. 2, "PowerBook Cables". Hosted as File:Apple Cable Solutions data sheet (1996).pdf. Order numbers M3927LL/A, M2538LL/A and M2539LL/A; also the SCSI terminators and the SCSI Peripheral Interface Cable.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 10092, PowerBook SCSI Disk Mode: SCSI Cable Not Included (6/93), absurdengineering.org library. SCSI Disk Mode cable not included with any PowerBook.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 19911, PowerBook: Cable Identification List (5/96), absurdengineering.org library. Order numbers, service part numbers (590-0717-A, 590-0718-A, 590-0831-A) and the connector description of each cable.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 13611, PowerBook: Using SCSI Devices (2/97), absurdengineering.org library. HDI-30 description; the two cables told apart by pin count; terminator M3503LL/A; SCSI Disk Mode steps; termination with external devices; SCSI Peripheral Interface Cable; common problems.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 9097, PowerBook: HDI-30 Throughput (7/92), absurdengineering.org library. HDI-30 has the same signals as the DB-25 connector and the same throughput.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Apple Computer, PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) Service Source, Basics, Overview (PDF p. 5) and SCSI Disk Mode (PDF p. 20). Hosted as File:PowerBook G3 Series (Bronze Keyboard) Service Source.pdf. One SCSI port with HDI-30 connector; SCSI disk mode fixed at ID 2; needs a valid system on the PowerBook drive with NewWorld ROM.
- ↑ Apple Computer, PowerBook (FireWire) Service Source, Basics, "FireWire Ports and Target Disk Mode" (PDF p. 13). Hosted as File:PowerBook (FireWire) Service Source.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 9301, PowerBook: SCSI Disk Mode and Termination (5/95), absurdengineering.org library. How SCSI Disk Mode works: ROM checks for the adapter and the battery voltage, sets the drive to the ID in PRAM (default 1, range 1 to 6), dims the backlight; termination; 1.3 kilohm pull-up; black terminator for the IIfx.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Apple Computer, Macintosh PowerBook 100 Developer Note (1991), SCSI interface, Table 1-5 "Pinout for external HDI-30 SCSI connector", Figure 1-7 and "SCSI disk mode", printed pp. 25-28 (PDF pp. 34-37). Hosted as File:PowerBook 100 Developer Note (1991).pdf.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Macintosh PowerBook 140 and Macintosh PowerBook 170 Developer Note (1991), Table 1-4 "Pinouts for internal and external HDI-30 SCSI connectors", printed p. 25 (PDF p. 35). Hosted as File:Macintosh PowerBook 140 and 170 Developer Note 1991.pdf.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Apple Computer, PowerBook G3 Series Service Source, Basics, SCSI Disk Mode (PDF p. 33), Accessories (PDF p. 52) and Troubleshooting, Symptom Charts, Miscellaneous (PDF p. 92). Hosted as File:PowerBook G3 Series Service Source.pdf.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 9449, PowerBook: Making Cable Connections While In Sleep Mode (3/95), absurdengineering.org library. Connections made during sleep: SCSI allowed but may need a restart; the SCSI disk adapter must not be connected during sleep.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 9137, PowerBook: Which Models Support SCSI Disk Mode (9/96), absurdengineering.org library. Models with and without SCSI Disk Mode; HD Target Mode on the 190 and 5300; the 30-pin and 29-pin plugs; Duo needs the MiniDock and the adapter; Duo Docks do not support disk mode.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 19184, PowerBook 190 & 5300: HD Target Mode Or SCSI Disk Mode (1/96), absurdengineering.org library. HD Target Mode on the 190 and 5300 is the same operation as SCSI Disk Mode.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 13865, SCSI Disk Mode: Quitting SCSI Disk Mode (11/93), absurdengineering.org library. Correct order for quitting SCSI Disk Mode; adapter left attached; dragging the PowerBook's icon to the Trash can damage directories.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 19816, PowerBook: No SCSI Disk Mode Symbol (5/96), absurdengineering.org library. Blank screen in disk mode on the 500, 190 and 5300 is normal; power-on order.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Apple Computer, PowerBook 2400c Service Source, Basics, "2400 Series Peripherals" (PDF p. 4). Hosted as File:PowerBook 2400c Service Source.pdf.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Apple Computer, Macintosh PowerBook 160 and Macintosh PowerBook 180 Developer Note (1992), "External Video Connector and Adapter Cable", PDF p. 32. Hosted as File:PowerBook 160 and 180 Developer Note (1992).pdf. The VID-14 connector; adapter cable included with the computer; Hosiden part number CMP1220-010100.
- ↑ Apple Computer, PowerBook 500 Series Service Source, Specifications, video (PDF p. 23): "Micro DV-14 video-out port". Hosted as File:PowerBook 500 Series Service Source.pdf.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 10843, PowerBook 160 and 180: Video Output 10/92, absurdengineering.org library. PowerBook 160 and 180 video output: cable included, supported displays, 512K VRAM, third-party VGA cable, use the power adapter with an external monitor.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 15741, PowerBook 500 series: Video Adapter Cable Pinouts (9/95), absurdengineering.org library. VID-14 to DB-15 pin assignments; cable included with some earlier models only; order number M3927LL/A.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 18726, PowerBook 5300 & 190 Series: Internal & External Video (5/96), absurdengineering.org library. 5300 and 190 external video: same VID-14 connector; cable not included; 190 needs upgrade kit M3743LL/A; external monitor usable on battery; 512K VRAM on the video card.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 20785, PowerBook 1400: Video Out Questions & Answers (1/97), absurdengineering.org library. PowerBook 1400 connector faces the opposite direction; cable plugs in facing downwards.
- ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 20810, PowerBook 1400: External Displays & Resolutions Supported (1/97), absurdengineering.org library. Optional 1400 video card M4509LL/A and supported displays.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 17611, PowerBook: Video Out Scan Rates (4/95), absurdengineering.org library. ROM reads sense lines at startup and disables video out if no monitor is found; external interface enabled by attaching a monitor and restarting; mirroring; scan rates and dot clocks; use the AC adapter.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Apple Computer, Macintosh PowerBook 3400 Computer Developer Note (launch draft, 1996), "Video Connector" and "Video Adapter", PDF pp. 38-40. Hosted as File:PowerBook 3400 Developer Note (launch draft, 1996).pdf.
- ↑ Apple Computer, PowerBook 3400c and PowerBook G3 Service Source, Specifications, I/O Interfaces, Video (PDF p. 37). Hosted as File:PowerBook 3400c and PowerBook G3 Service Source.pdf.
- ↑ Apple Computer, PowerBook 2400c User's Manual (1997), troubleshooting, external monitor: "be sure that the video adapter that came with your computer is connected". Hosted as File:PowerBook 2400c User's Manual (1997).pdf.