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Apple power cords and adapters

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Apple power cords and adapters
The back of a Macintosh IIcx: the mains inlet at lower left and, above it, the monitor power outlet marked 100-240V~ 3A
Manufacturer Apple Computer
Type Mains power cords, monitor power cables and external power adapters
Compatible Apple II, Macintosh and Power Macintosh computers; Apple monitors and printers
Model M5538LL/A, M3957LL/A, M5539LL/A, M4133G/A

Apple's power cords and adapters connect its computers, monitors and printers to the mains. Apple sold its desktop power cords in 110 V and 240 V versions and a monitor power extension cord.[1] Its monitors came with two kinds of power cable, one to the wall and one to the power outlet on the back of a Macintosh.[2] Portable computers, the Newton, inkjet printers and several small accessories ran from external power adapters. The PowerBook adapters have their own page, Apple PowerBook power adapters.

Apple power cords and adapters
Item Apple number Use
Apple Power Cord 110 VAC M5538LL/A Mains cord[1]
Apple Power Cord 240 VAC M3957LL/A Mains cord[1]
Apple Monitor AC Power Extension Cord M5539LL/A Monitor power[1]
AC Power Cable, monitor to Macintosh 590-0370 (110 V); 590-0420 (220 V) Monitor power from the computer's outlet[2][3]
AC Power Cord, monitor to wall 590-0373 (110 V); 590-0423 (220 V) Monitor power from the wall[2][4]
Color StyleWriter 2200 Universal Power Adapter M4133G/A 100-240 V adapter for the printer[5]

Mains power cords

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Apple's 1996 cable range included the Apple Power Cord in a 110 VAC version, M5538LL/A, and a 240 VAC version, M3957LL/A.[1] Parts lists give separate cords for different countries. The Centris and Quadra 660AV list includes an AC power cord, 590-0760, a British power cord, 590-0091, and an international AC power cord, 590-0094.[6]

The Macintosh II setup instructions plug the cord into the main power input, the lower of the two sockets on the back, and the other end into a grounded three-hole outlet. Apple explains that the plugged-in cord grounds the system and protects its components from static discharge.[7] Apple's support article on grounding gives three reasons for it: an ungrounded system can reach a voltage that shocks the user, a charge that builds up with no path to ground can damage the system, and peripherals on an ungrounded system can carry ground currents that cause erratic operation.[8] Do not defeat the grounding plug. Apple's display manuals say to have an ungrounded outlet replaced by an electrician.[9]

The only way to disconnect a display completely is to unplug its power cord, so Apple tells owners to keep one end of the cord within reach.[9] Apple's symptom charts treat the cord as a replaceable part. For a Macintosh that does not power on, and for one that shuts down intermittently, the Centris and Quadra 660AV Service Source lists replacing the power cord before the power supply.[6] The Studio Display 21 Service Source starts its no-video check by inspecting the power cord for damage and testing it for continuity with an ohmmeter.[10]

Monitor power cords

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Apple's monitors used two kinds of power cable. Service part 590-0370 connects a monitor to the power outlet on a Macintosh, and 590-0373 connects a monitor to a wall outlet. Apple's support article says the wall cords differ in length and colour from monitor to monitor, and that 590-0373 fits every Apple monitor with a detachable cord.[2] The 220 V versions in the 1996 parts lists are 590-0420 for the monitor-to-computer cable and 590-0423 for the wall cord.[3][4] Older monitors have their own numbers: the Apple Color High-Resolution RGB Monitor lists external power cables 590-0372 (120 V) and 590-0422 (220 V), and the Apple Portrait Display lists 1.9 m power cables 590-0371 (U.S.) and 590-0421 (European).[11][12] Apple also sold an Apple Monitor AC Power Extension Cord, M5539LL/A.[1]

The Apple Monitor II's power cord comes out of the back of the monitor and ends in a three-pronged plug.[13] The AppleColor Composite Monitor has a separate power cord only on the 220 and 240-volt models.[14]

Monitor power outlet

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The Macintosh II family has a monitor power output receptacle on the back of the computer; on the Macintosh II it sits above the main power input.[15][7] Apple's specification for it is below.

Monitor power output receptacle, Macintosh II family (Apple, 1990)
Parameter Specification
Output voltage Same as the power supply input voltage
Output current 3 A maximum, steady state
Output power 300 VA maximum
Peak output current 40 A
Fuse 6 A, 250 V

From Table 6-26 of the Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware.[15] Apple's electrical specification article adds that the Macintosh II power supply is fused at 6 A for the computer and the monitor together.[16] On the Centris 650 the monitor power socket is a switched outlet.[17] When a monitor takes its power from the computer, Apple's display guide asks the owner to check that the computer is switched on and that its own cord is in place before looking further.[9]

The outlet passes the mains through unchanged. A monitor that accepts only 120 V cannot be used on a 220 V supply, even when it is plugged into a computer that accepts 220 V.[18][16]

Printer power cords and supplies

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Apple's laser printers are built for one mains voltage. Apple's 1996 electrical table gives the U.S. LaserWriter as 115 V, 60 Hz, the LaserWriter II family as 90 to 126 V, and the Personal LaserWriter 300 and 320 as 100 to 115 V.[19] The Personal LaserWriter came in a U.S. and Japan version and a European and Australian version.[20] There is no kit to convert a U.S. LaserWriter II to 220 V. The DC power supply, AC power supply and fuser would all have to be changed, and those parts were not sold in the United States, so Apple's answer is a step-down transformer rated at 1300 W.[21]

The domestic ImageWriter II and ImageWriter LQ work at 110 V and 58 to 62 Hz only. Printers made for other countries have a transformer and voltage switch assembly designed for 100 to 240 V at 48 to 62 Hz: Apple part 915-0029 for the ImageWriter II and 915-0031 for the ImageWriter LQ. Apple sold it only outside the United States and Canada, and fitting it is the only change needed to convert a domestic printer.[22] On a European ImageWriter II the voltage switch is under the right side of the platen.[23]

The Color StyleWriter 2200 and 2500 run from external power adapters.[5][24] The Color StyleWriter 2200 shipped with an adapter for its country of sale: 120 V in the USA, 100 V in Japan, 220 V in Europe and 240 V in the UK and Australia. Apple sold a Universal Power Adapter, M4133G/A, for 100 to 240 V at 50 to 60 Hz. It has a detachable cord and takes any standard Macintosh power cord.[5] Apple's specification for the Color StyleWriter 2500 adapter lists 102 to 132 V at 60 Hz for the U.S. and Japan, 196 to 253 V at 50 Hz for Europe, 204 to 264 V at 50 Hz for the UK and Australia, and a separate Japanese line of 85 to 110 V at 50 or 60 Hz.[24]

External power adapters

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Apple's documents call its external supplies both "AC Adapter" and "Power Adapter", sometimes for the same product. The PowerBook 150's adapter is the PowerBook AC Adapter on its specification sheet and a PowerBook 100 series power adapter in Apple's article on travelling.[25][26]

Apple external power adapters
Product Apple's name and number Details
Macintosh Portable Macintosh Portable Power Adapter; input 85 to 270 V AC, 48 to 62 Hz[26] Apple PowerBook power adapters#Macintosh Portable
PowerBook 100 series PowerBook AC Adapter, M4662LL/A for the PowerBook 150[25] Apple PowerBook power adapters#PowerBook 100 series
PowerBook Duo PowerBook 200 series power adapter; input 100 to 240 V AC[26] Apple PowerBook power adapters#PowerBook Duo
PowerBook 500 series, 190 and 5300, and later Macintosh PowerBook Power Adapter, M3747LL/A for the 5300[27] Apple PowerBook power adapters
Newton MessagePad Power Adapter, in several versions for different countries; for the MessagePad 2000, a universal 100 to 240 V adapter with U.S., UK, European and Australian plugs, and the optional Newton 9W Power Adapter[28][29] Apple Newton accessories#Power
QuickTake cameras QuickTake AC adapters Apple QuickTake accessories#AC adapter
Color StyleWriter 2200 Regional power adapter; Universal Power Adapter, M4133G/A[5] Printer power cords and supplies
StyleWriter EtherTalk Adapter AC power adapter, supplied[30] –
Apple Presentation System Power supply, 9 V DC, 800 mA maximum[31] Apple Presentation System
Apple IIc External power supply, 105 to 129 V AC at 60 Hz in, +15 V DC at 1.2 A out; a 199 to 255 V, 50 Hz version for other countries[32] Apple IIc#Power

The Macintosh Portable adapter and the PowerBook 100, 200 and 500 series adapters accept at least 100 to 240 V and need only a plug adapter abroad.[26] Use the adapter made for the product. Apple warns, for example, that an adapter of more than 19 W can damage a PowerBook 100 or 150.[33]

Using Apple equipment on other mains supplies

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Apple sorted its products into three classes for use abroad. Universal products accept a range of voltages and frequencies and need only a plug adapter or a local cord; Apple's example is the Quadra 800. Frequency-independent products, such as the U.S. Performa 200 and the Performa displays, need a step-down transformer but cope with 50 Hz. Frequency-dependent products, such as the U.S. Color OneScanner, work only at the frequency they were built for.[18] Apple says most of its products made after the Macintosh SE are universal between 100 and 240 V, and that the FCC ID label or Apple's electrical specification articles show which class a product is in.[18] The Color Classic, for example, has a universal supply and needs only a local power cord.[34] The Macintosh Plus is different: only the international version has a dual-voltage supply. The U.S. version runs on 110 to 120 V only, and Apple says the Macintosh Family Hardware Reference is wrong to describe a voltage switch on every late Macintosh Plus.[35]

Line voltage of some U.S. models (Apple, 1996 and 1997)
Product Line voltage (V) Frequency (Hz)
Macintosh Plus 105-125 50-60
Macintosh SE 90-125 or 200-240 47-63
Macintosh Classic 120 47-63
Macintosh II 90-125 or 200-240 48-62
AppleColor High-Res RGB monitor 85-125 or 200-240 47-63
12-inch RGB display 110 50-60
21-inch color display 120 47-63
ImageWriter II 120 60
LaserWriter II family 90-126 50-60

From Apple's electrical specification articles.[16][19]

Where a step-down transformer is needed, Apple recommended a grounded isolation transformer rated at 150 % of the total wattage of the equipment, so a 250 W system needs one of at least 375 W. It warned that voltage converters sold in the U.S. have damaged some Apple products.[18] Non-universal Apple supplies work between 107 and 132 V. Outside that range the computer may crash and lose data, and Apple advised a power conditioner.[18]

Faults and checks

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Power cord and adapter problems
Symptom Cause Action
Macintosh does not power on; fan silent, LED off Power cord, power supply or logic board, in Apple's order of checks Check the cables; plug the monitor straight into the wall to see that it has power; replace the power cord, then the power supply[6]
Macintosh shuts down now and then Blocked vents and thermal cut-out, or a poor cord Clear the vents and let it cool for 30 to 40 minutes; replace the power cord[6]
Monitor on the computer's outlet stays dark The outlet is live only when the computer is on Switch the computer on; check the computer's own cord and any power strip[9][17]
Studio Display 21 dead, power light off Damaged cord, monitor cord not live, or blown fuse Inspect the cord and check it for continuity with an ohmmeter; check that the computer it plugs into is on; then check fuse FP1 (4 A, 250 V)[10]
Color StyleWriter 2500 has no power Cord or adapter Check the connections and replace the cord; measure the adapter at its plug, centre positive, and replace it if it does not read 11.5 to 15.5 V[36][24]
U.S. equipment to be run on 220 to 240 V Voltage converters have damaged Apple products Use a grounded isolation transformer rated at 150 % of the load, or equipment made for the local supply[18]
No voltage switch on a U.S. Macintosh Plus Only international models have the dual-voltage supply Use a step-down transformer[35][18]
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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Apple Computer, Apple Cable Solutions data sheet, October 1996, L02069A, p. 2, "Display Cables and Power Cords". Hosted as File:Apple Cable Solutions data sheet (1996).pdf. Apple Power Cord 110 VAC, M5538LL/A; Apple Power Cord 240 VAC, M3957LL/A; Apple Monitor AC Power Extension Cord, M5539LL/A.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 15885, Macintosh: Monitor AC Power Cord Part Numbers (6/95), absurdengineering.org library. 590-0370 monitor to Macintosh; 590-0373 monitor to wall, fitting all Apple monitors with a detachable cord.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Apple Computer, Macintosh Displays and Video Cards service guide, September 1996. Hosted as File:Apple Macintosh Displays and Video Cards Service Guide (September 1996).pdf (see Apple Macintosh Displays and Video Cards Service Guide (1996)). Apple AudioVision 14 Display exploded view, p. 172 (PDF p. 190), and parts list, p. 174 (PDF p. 192): Power Cable, AC 110 V, Smoke (1M), 590-0370; Power Cable, AC 220 V, Smoke (1M), 590-0420.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Macintosh Displays and Video Cards service guide (1996), Apple Multiple Scan 17 Display parts list, p. 38 (PDF p. 56): Power Cord, AC, 110 V, Smoke, 590-0373; Power Cord, AC, 220 V, Smoke, 590-0423.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 18650, Color StyleWriter 2200: Universal Power Adapter Available (9/95), absurdengineering.org library. Regional adapters and their voltages; M4133G/A Universal Power Adapter with detachable cord.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Apple Computer, Centris 660AV/Quadra 660AV Service Source, October 1995, absurdengineering.org library. Troubleshooting, Symptom Charts/System, pp. 3-4 (PDF p. 22): no power, plug the monitor directly into the wall, replace the power cord; intermittent shutdown, replace the power cord. Parts list (PDF pp. 104-106): Cable, British Power Cord, 590-0091; Cable, AC Power Cord, International, 590-0094; Cable, AC Power Cord, 590-0760.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Apple Computer, A/UX Installation Guide (1987), 030-3253-A, chapter 2, "Setting Up the Macintosh II", printed pp. 9 and 16 (PDF pp. 22 and 29), absurdengineering.org library. The main power input is the lower receptacle; the plugged-in cord grounds the system; the monitor power output is above it; the monitor's power input has three prongs.
  8. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 3870, Apple Hardware: Importance of Proper Grounding (2/97), absurdengineering.org library.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Apple Computer, Setting Up Your Apple Studio Display (17-inch CRT), 1998. Hosted as File:Setting Up Your Studio Display 17-inch CRT (1998).pdf. Grounding warning, PDF p. 9; monitor power cord to the computer's power socket, PDF p. 10; disconnecting power, PDF p. 21; first checks when the screen does not appear, PDF p. 22.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Apple Computer, Studio Display (21" CRT, 19.8" viewable image size) Service Source, Troubleshooting, Symptom Charts, No Video (PDF p. 34). Hosted as File:Studio display 21.pdf (see Studio Display (21" CRT, 19.8" viewable image size) Service Source). Inspect the power cord and check it for continuity; check the monitor cord to the computer's power socket; fuse FP1, 4 A 250 V, 922-0502.
  11. ↑ Macintosh Displays and Video Cards service guide (1996), AppleColor High-Resolution RGB Monitor parts list, p. 151 (PDF p. 169): Cable, External Power, Domestic (120 V), 590-0372; Cable, External Power, European (220 V), 590-0422.
  12. ↑ Macintosh Displays and Video Cards service guide (1996), Macintosh Portrait Display parts list, p. 292 (PDF p. 310): Cable, Power, 1.9M, European, 590-0421; Cable, Power, 1.9M, U.S., 590-0371.
  13. ↑ Apple Computer, Monitor II User's Manual (1982), "Connecting Your Monitor II", PDF pp. 10-12. Hosted as File:Apple Monitor II User's Manual 1982.pdf. The power cable, marked with a lightning-bolt symbol, has a three-pronged plug.
  14. ↑ Apple Computer, AppleColor Composite Monitor Owner's Guide, "Getting started", PDF p. 8. Hosted as File:AppleColor Composite Monitor Owner's Guide.pdf. Separate monitor power cord on 220/240-volt models only; the monitor needs its own electrical outlet.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Apple Computer, Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware, second edition (1990), chapter 6, "Monitor power receptacle in the Macintosh II-family computers" and Table 6-26, pp. 264-265 (PDF p. 304). Hosted as File:Apple Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware 2nd Edition 1990.pdf.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 267, Electrical Specifications: Apple Computers (1 of 2) (2/97), absurdengineering.org library. Macintosh II monitor receptacle and 6 A fuse; line voltages of the computers.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Apple Computer, Macintosh Centris 610, Macintosh Centris 650, and Macintosh Quadra 800 Computers developer note (1993), chapter 1, Figure 1-3 and text, PDF p. 18: "The monitor power socket is a switched outlet." Hosted as File:Macintosh Centris 610 Centris 650 and Quadra 800 Developer Note.pdf (see Macintosh Centris 610 Centris 650 and Quadra 800 Developer Note).
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 129, Using U.S. Apple Equipment Internationally (10/96), absurdengineering.org library. Universal, frequency-independent and frequency-dependent classes; outlets for peripherals do not condition the mains; most products after the SE universal; transformer sizing and grounding; converters have damaged Apple products; non-universal supplies work from 107 to 132 V.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 20361, Electrical Specifications: Apple Peripherals (2 of 2) (9/96), absurdengineering.org library. Line voltages of Apple printers and monitors.
  20. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 7796, Personal LaserWriter: Using Overseas (1990), absurdengineering.org library.
  21. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 7633, LaserWriter II: How to Convert for Non-US Voltages (1991), absurdengineering.org library.
  22. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 2753, Part Available For Using ImageWriter II And LQ Overseas (1988), absurdengineering.org library. Transformer and voltage switch assemblies 915-0029 and 915-0031; frequency ranges of domestic and international units.
  23. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 2439, ImageWriter II: European Model Has a Universal Power Supply (1988), absurdengineering.org library.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Apple Computer, Color StyleWriter 2500 Service Source, February 1996. Hosted as File:Color stylewriter 2500.pdf: Specifications, Electrical (PDF p. 25), AC power adapter input ranges; Troubleshooting, Symptom Charts, Operation, "No power" (PDF p. 32), with the drawing of the adapter plug, centre positive.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 15733, PowerBook 150: Specifications (9/95), absurdengineering.org library. PowerBook AC Adapter, order no. M4662LL/A.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 5502, Macintosh Portable & PowerBook: Using Abroad (3/95), absurdengineering.org library. Input ratings of the Macintosh Portable Power Adapter and the PowerBook 100, 200 and 500 series power adapters; a plug adapter is all that is needed abroad.
  27. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 18436, Macintosh PowerBook 5300cs/100: Description, absurdengineering.org library. Macintosh PowerBook Power Adapter, order no. M3747LL/A.
  28. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 18814, Apple MessagePad: List of Accessories Available (4/96), absurdengineering.org library.
  29. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 20991, Apple MessagePad 2000: Technical Specifications (2/97), absurdengineering.org library.
  30. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 19333, StyleWriter EtherTalk Adapter: Technical Specifications (5/96), absurdengineering.org library.
  31. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 16637, Apple Presentation System: Specifications (7/95), absurdengineering.org library.
  32. ↑ Apple Computer, Apple IIc Technical Reference Manual (1985), Table 11-2, Power Supply Specifications, p. 218 (PDF p. 252), and Appendix G, 50-Hz power supply, p. 372 (PDF p. 406). Hosted as File:Apple IIc Technical Reference Manual 1985.pdf (see Apple IIc Technical Reference Manual).
  33. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 16168, PowerBook: Battery, Recharger & AC Adapter Identification (5/96), absurdengineering.org library. AC adapters producing more than 19 watts can damage the PowerBook 100 and 150.
  34. ↑ Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 11450, Color Classic: Using It While Travelling (2/93), absurdengineering.org library.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Apple Computer, Tech Info Library article 4336, Macintosh Plus: Dual-Voltage Switch (4/93), absurdengineering.org library.
  36. ↑ Apple Computer, Color StyleWriter 2500 Service Source, February 1996, Troubleshooting, Symptom Charts/Operation, p. 5 (PDF p. 32), absurdengineering.org library: "If the voltage is not 11.5 to 15.5 V replace the power adapter." The copy hosted on this wiki, of the same date, reads "If there is no voltage, replace the power adapter" at the same step.


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